Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Boosting Crop Resilience to Environmental Stresses

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Nie, Wenjing

作者： Nie, Wenjing;He, Qinghai;Guo, Hongen;Ma, Lan;Li, Junlin;Zhang, Wenjun;Wen, Dan;Wen, Dan

作者机构：

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi); abiotic stress; biotic stress; plant resistance; ecosystem health

期刊名称：MICROORGANISMS （ 影响因子：4.2； 五年影响因子：4.6 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2024 年 12 卷 12 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Amid escalating challenges from global climate change and increasing environmental degradation, agricultural systems worldwide face a multitude of abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, elevated temperatures, heavy metal pollution, and flooding. These factors critically impair crop productivity and yield. Simultaneously, biotic pressures such as pathogen invasions intensify the vulnerability of agricultural outputs. At the heart of mitigating these challenges, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AM fungi) form a crucial symbiotic relationship with most terrestrial plants, significantly enhancing their stress resilience. AM fungi improve nutrient uptake, particularly that of nitrogen and phosphorus, through their extensive mycelial networks. Additionally, they enhance soil structure, increase water use efficiency, and strengthen antioxidant defense mechanisms, particularly in environments stressed by drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, heavy metal contamination, and flooding. Beyond mitigating abiotic stress, AM fungi bolster plant defenses against pathogens and pests by competing for colonization sites and enhancing plant immune responses. They also facilitate plant adaptation to extreme environmental conditions by altering root morphology, modulating gene expression, and promoting the accumulation of osmotic adjustment compounds. This review discusses the role of AM fungi in enhancing plant growth and performance under environmental stress.

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