Population Density-Dependent Developmental Regulation in Migratory Locust

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Shen, Sifan

作者： Shen, Sifan;Zhang, Liwei;Zhang, Long

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关键词： migratory locust; density; development; brain transcriptome; immunoglobulin

期刊名称：INSECTS （ 影响因子：2.7； 五年影响因子：2.9 ）

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年卷期： 2024 年 15 卷 6 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Simple Summary Our study reveals a density-dependent developmental pattern in locusts, which is associated with the classical ecdysone synthesis pathway. Additionally, analysis of the brain transcriptomic dataset uncovers varied metabolic, immune, and nutritional signals associated with density size. Specifically, Immunoglobulin (IG) emerges as a pivotal gene regulating density-dependent development. These regulatory molecules involved in density dependence present intriguing prospects for future investigation.Abstract Insect development is intricately governed by hormonal signaling pathways, yet the pivotal upstream regulator that potentiates hormone activation remains largely elusive. The migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, exhibits population density-dependent phenotypic plasticity, encompassing traits such as flight capability, body coloration, and behavior. In this study, we elucidated a negative correlation between population density and ontogenetic development during the nymphal stage of locusts. We found that the level of density influences the developmental trajectory by modulating transcript abundance within the ecdysone signaling pathway, with knockdown of the prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) resulting in developmental delay. Transcriptomic analysis of locust brains across solitary and gregarious phases revealed significant differential expression of genes involved in various pathways, including protein synthesis, energy metabolism, hormonal regulation, and immunity. Notably, knockdown experiments targeting two energy regulators, adipokinetic hormone (AKH) and insulin-like polypeptide 1 (ilp1), failed to elicit changes in the developmental process in solitary locusts. However, knockdown of immunoglobulin (IG) significantly shortened the developmental time in higher-density populations. Collectively, our findings underscore the regulatory role of population density in determining developmental duration and suggest that an immune-related gene contributes to the observed differences in developmental patterns.

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