Assessing genetic diversity for some Pakistani bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under drought stress based on yield traits

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Khan, Mueen Alam

作者： Khan, Mueen Alam;Yousaf, Malik Waqar;Ahmed, Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din;Fatima, Noor;Alam, Beena

作者机构：

关键词： Correlation; Drought; Variability; Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); Yield

期刊名称：GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION （ 影响因子：2.0； 五年影响因子：1.9 ）

ISSN： 0925-9864

年卷期： 2024 年

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Drought is one of the most influential abiotic stress factors affecting bread wheat productivity worldwide. Therefore, the current experiment was conducted to evaluate the genetic variability presenting 19 bread wheat genotypes under two environments (normal and drought). Under normal conditions, grain yield per plant (GYP) exhibited the highest positive significant correlation with the number of grains per spike (NGS) (0.90***), biological yield (BY) (0.88***), 1000-grain weight (TGW) (0.83***), harvest index (HI) (0.77***), number of spikelets per spike (NSP) (0.52***), arithmetic mean diameter (AMD) (0.52***), grain mean diameter (GMD) (0.50***), equivalent mean diameter (EMD) (0.50***), grain length (GL) (0.46***), grain width (GW) (0.46***), grain thickness (GT) (0.34**), and spike length (SL) (0.27*). However, GYP showed a negative yet insignificant correlation with spike compactness (SC) (- 0.18) and peduncle length (PL) (- 0.08). Under drought stress, GYP exhibited a significantly positive association with BY (0.94***), HI (0.92***), NGS (0.86***), TGW (0.63***), aspect ratio (AR) (0.49***), grain sphericity (SPH) (0.40**), GW (0.39**), NSP (0.38***), and SL (0.28*). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first 4 PCs explained 88.9% and 87.4% of the variability under normal and drought-stress environments, respectively. Furthermore, cluster heat map classified genotypes into four different clusters. Under normal conditions, Cluster 4 contained the highest-performing genotypes for most of the traits, indicating their genetic relatedness. In contrast, under drought stress, the most tolerant genotype, G19, was present in Cluster 3. Consequently, the identified traits hold substantial significance as selection indicators in breeding programs to develop drought-resilient genotypes.

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