Spray Deposition and Weed Control Efficacy of a Real-Time Variable-Rate Boom Sprayer Applying Herbicide at Reduced Doses in Summer Maize Fields

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Quan, Chunxia

作者： Quan, Chunxia;Feng, Xiaofu;Zhang, Huiyuan;Yang, Mengran;Zhu, Zhaoyan;He, Xiongkui;Wang, Changling;Quan, Chunxia;Zhang, Huiyuan;Yang, Mengran;Zhu, Zhaoyan;He, Xiongkui;Wang, Changling;Quan, Chunxia;Zhang, Huiyuan;Yang, Mengran;Zhu, Zhaoyan;He, Xiongkui;Wang, Changling;Zhang, Jinwei

作者机构：

关键词： herbicide; real-time variable-rate boom sprayer; spray volume; nozzle type; droplet deposition; efficacy

期刊名称：AGRONOMY-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.4； 五年影响因子：3.8 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2025 年 15 卷 8 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Maize, as a critical crop for China's food security, is constantly challenged by weed infestations and environmental risks associated with herbicide overuse. Improving herbicide utilization efficiency through equipment optimization and intelligent control during spraying has become an essential strategy for weed management in Chinese maize fields. However, most current sprayers fail to achieve coordinated control of spray volume and nozzle parameters, and their performance is typically evaluated using single indices, such as the coefficient of variation (CV) for spray uniformity and deposition density. In this study, a split-split-plot experiment was conducted in 2022-2023 to assess the feasibility of herbicide reduction using intelligent variable-rate boom sprayers in summer maize fields on the North China Plain (NCP). The key variables included spray volume (225 vs. 180 L/ha), nozzle type (AI11003VS/LECHLER11003 in 2022; TTI11004/LECHLER11004 in 2023), and herbicide dose (recommended, -15%, and -30% reduction). Results showed that the coefficients of variation for droplet coverage and density remained below 12% for all treatments (n = 4), indicating stable spray performance. A higher spray volume (225 L/ha) significantly improved deposition uniformity (p < 0.01). In 2022, herbicide input could be reduced by 15-30% while maintaining efficacy above 90% when applied at the 3-4 leaf stage of dominant weeds. However, in 2023, efficacy dropped to 72.67% when the herbicide was applied at a 30% reduced dose with 180 L/ha and when dominant weeds had reached the 5-6 leaf stage or higher, indicating an agronomic risk. Reduced herbicide input decreased maize injury by 47-53%. Only the 30% reduced-dose treatment significantly increased maize yield by 3.05% in 2022 and 2.62% in 2023 compared to the control (both p < 0.05). Spray volume significantly influenced droplet deposition and weed control efficacy; thus, caution is warranted regarding herbicide reduction for later weed growth stages. This study demonstrates that real-time variable-rate boom sprayers, optimized for spray volume and nozzle type, can reduce herbicide use without compromising weed control efficacy or maize yield, providing both theoretical support and practical guidance for sustainable herbicide management in summer maize fields on the NCP.

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