Chemical Characterization and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ailanthus altissima Flavonoids: Optimization of Extraction Process and Mechanistic Insights

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Liu, Yu

作者： Liu, Yu;Zhao, Xingxu;Zhang, Yong;Liu, Yu;Zhang, Hongjuan;Yan, Yong

作者机构：

关键词： Ailanthus altissima Swingle; anti-inflammatory; Box-Behnken; network pharmacology

期刊名称：NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS （ 影响因子：1.4； 五年影响因子：1.6 ）

ISSN： 1934-578X

年卷期： 2025 年 20 卷 4 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Objectives Chronic inflammation drives numerous pathologies, necessitating novel therapeutics from natural sources. This study aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory potential of Ailanthus altissima Swingle-derived total flavonoids (ASF), a traditional East Asian remedy, and establish its pharmacological foundation for treating cytokine-mediated inflammatory diseases. Methods ASF's anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, measuring nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta). LC-MS identified ASF constituents, while network pharmacology predicted interactions with inflammation targets (NF-kappa B, MAPK pathways). Extraction parameters were optimized via Box-Behnken design response surface methodology (RSM). Dose-response assays assessed ASF's suppression of inflammatory mediators. Results LC-MS identified 43 major ASF constituents. Network pharmacology revealed ASF's multi-target interactions with NF-kappa B and MAPK signaling. RSM optimization achieved a 10.4146% flavonoid yield. ASF dose-dependently inhibited NO by 68.2% (200 mu g/mL, p < 0.01 versus LPS) and suppressed ROS/cytokines, demonstrating flavonoid-consistent structure-activity relationships. Conclusion ASF exhibits multi-target anti-inflammatory effects via NF-kappa B/MAPK modulation and mediator suppression, validating its traditional use. These findings support ASF's development as a phytopharmaceutical for cytokine-driven pathologies.

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