Integrated Analysis of Volatile Metabolites in Rose Varieties: Effects of Cultivar Differences and Drying Temperatures on Flavor Profiles

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Zhang, Jun

作者： Zhang, Jun;Sun, Meile;Ren, Xiangrong;Yang, Jing;Zhang, Yijie;Hui, Jingtao;Li, Pengbing;Tao, Jianfei;Liu, Tianzhi;Lin, Guocang

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关键词： rose flowers; hot air drying; variety; volatile substances; WGCNA

期刊名称：METABOLITES （ 影响因子：3.7； 五年影响因子：4.1 ）

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年卷期： 2025 年 15 卷 5 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Background: Rose processing faces critical challenges in preserving bioactive compounds and aroma profiles during thermal treatments, particularly given the growing demand for natural ingredients in the food and cosmetic industries. Methods: Using widely targeted metabolomics, we first characterized volatile profiles of four major commercial cultivars (Hetian, Damask, Bulgarian, and Fenghua; n = 6 replicates per cultivar), identifying terpenoids as dominant components (p < 0.05). Subsequent thermal optimization focused on Hetian rose, where WGCNA and K-means analyses revealed temperature-dependent dynamics (40-55 degrees C, triplicate drying trials per temperature). Results: Hetian rose exhibited significantly higher accumulation (p < 0.05) of a unique sesquiterpene marker, 4-(1,5-dimethyl-1,4-hexadienyl)-1-methyl-cyclohexene. Systematic drying optimization identified 50 degrees C as the thermal threshold for optimal color, bioactive retention, and sensory quality. Mechanistic analysis identified 193 temperature-responsive metabolites (VIP > 1, FC < 0.25 or >4, p < 0.01), with terpenoid biosynthesis (MVA/MEP pathways) and esterification dynamics emerging as critical control points. Conclusions: This study establishes the first cultivar-specific processing framework for roses, demonstrating that metabolic signature-guided drying improves product quality. The findings advance our understanding of thermal impacts on aroma biochemistry while providing actionable protocols for natural product industries.

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