Nitrogen management to reduce yield-scaled global warming potential in rice

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Liang, X. Q.

作者： Liang, X. Q.;Ye, Y. S.;Ji, Y. J.;Tian, G. M.;Li, H.;Wang, S. X.;van Kessel, C.;Linquist, B. A.

作者机构：

关键词： CH4 and N2O;Global warming potential;Manure;Rice;Urea;Yield-scaled emissions

期刊名称：FIELD CROPS RESEARCH （ 影响因子：5.224； 五年影响因子：6.19 ）

ISSN： 0378-4290

年卷期： 2013 年 146 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Fertilizer N is usually required to achieve optimal yields but when applied in excess there is increased risk of pollution, including higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Thus, optimal N management must consider both yields and environmental effects. Yield-scaled GWP (Global Warming Potential), which is the GWP (in CO2 equivalents) per Mg of grain yield, is a useful metric for evaluating management options where the goal is to achieve both high yields with minimal environmental burden. A 6-year field study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the lowest yield-scaled GHG emissions for rice occur when N is applied at optimal N rates for maximum yields, independent of the source of N applied. We tested this hypothesis for organic (manure) and inorganic (urea) N sources. The N rates and sources in each growing season were: 0, 90, 180 and 270 kg N ha(-1) applied as either urea alone or pig manure combined with urea (where N was added as manure and supplied 60% of the total N rate). The N rates to achieve maximum yields (90 to 180 kg N ha(-1) depending on year) were similar for both N sources. Seasonal CH4 and N2O emissions varied significantly between years but the magnitude of emissions was determined largely by N source. Across N rates, application of manure increased GWP by almost 60% relative to the urea treatments due to higher CH4 and N2O emissions. When urea was used as the sole N source, yield-scaled GWP (87 kg CO2 (eq). Mg-1 grain) was lowest at optimal N rates for maximum yields. In contrast, when manure was used, yield-scaled GWP was higher than for urea and increased with increasing manure-N rates (from 104 to 171 kg CO2 (eq). Mg-1 grain). The lowest yield-scaled GWP for manure was when no manure was applied - despite the low yields. Thus, when manure is used as an N source in flooded rice systems, over application should be avoided. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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    作者：Fu, Y. P.;Dai, Y. T.;Sun, L.;Li, C. T.;Jia, P. S.;Zhang, Z. W.;Li, Y.;Yuan, X. H.;Xiao, S. J.;Li, Z. H.;Yu, H. L.;Yang, R. H.;Tan, Q.;Bao, D. P.;Deng, Y. J.;Wang, S. X.;Wang, Y. F.;Tian, F. H.;Qi, L. L.;Shu, L. L.;Jia, P. S.;Chen, L. C.;Chen, M. Y.;Hu, Q. X.;Tan, H.;Song, T. T.;Zhang, Z. W.;Bonito, G.;Bonito, G.;Zervakis, G., I;Chethana, K. W. T.;Hyde, K. D.

    关键词：database; domestication; genome; multi-omics; mushroom

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