Effects of soil type and rainfall intensity on sheet erosion processes and sediment characteristics along the climatic gradient in central-south China

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Wu, Xinliang

作者： Wu, Xinliang;Wei, Yujie;Wang, Junguang;Xia, Jinwen;Cai, Chongfa;Wei, Zhiyuan;Wei, Zhiyuan

作者机构：

关键词： Sheet erosion;Field plot;Erosion model;Sediment selectivity;Climate change

期刊名称：SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT （ 影响因子：7.963； 五年影响因子：7.842 ）

ISSN： 0048-9697

年卷期： 2018 年 621 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Soil erosion poses a major threat to the sustainability of natural ecosystems. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of soil type and rainfall intensity on sheet erosion processes (hydrological, erosional processes and sediment characteristics) from temperate to tropical climate. Field plot experiments were conducted under pre-wetted bare fallow condition for five soil types (two Luvisols, an Alisol, an Acrisol and a Ferralsol) with heavy textures (silty clay loam, silty clay and clay) derived separately from loess deposits, quaternary red clays and basalt in central-south China. Rainfall simulations were performed at two rainfall intensities (45 and 90 mm h(-1)) and lasted one hour after runoff generation. Runoff coefficient, sediment concentration, sediment yield rate and sediment effective size distribution were determined at 3-min intervals. Runoff temporal variations were similar at the high rainfall intensity, but exhibited a remarkable difference at the low rainfall intensity among soil types except for tropical Ferralsol. Illite was positively correlated with runoff coefficient (p < 0.05). Rainfall intensity significantly contributed to the erosional process (p < 0.001). Sediment concentration and yield rate were the smallest for the tropical Ferralsol and sediment concentration was the largest for the temperate Luvisol. The regimes (transport and detachment) limiting erosion varied under the interaction of rainfall characteristics (intensity and duration) and soil types, with amorphous iron oxides and bulk density jointly enhancing soil resistance to erosive forces (Adj-R-2 > 88%, p < 0.001). Sediment size was dominated by < 0.1 mm size fraction for the Luvisols and bimodally distributed with the peaks at < 0.1 mm and 1-0.5 mm size for the other soil

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