Large proportion of genes in one cryptic WO prophage genome are actively and sex-specifically transcribed in a fig wasp species

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Wang, Guan-Hong

作者： Wang, Guan-Hong;Xiao, Jin-Hua;Huang, Da-Wei;Wang, Guan-Hong;Niu, Li-Ming;Ma, Guang-Chang;Huang, Da-Wei

作者机构：

关键词： Defective prophage;Bacteriophage WO;Reverse-transcription PCR;Real-time quantitative PCR;Ankyrin-domain-containing protein

期刊名称：BMC GENOMICS （ 影响因子：3.969； 五年影响因子：4.478 ）

ISSN： 1471-2164

年卷期： 2014 年 15 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Background: Cryptic prophages are genetically defective in their induction and propagation, and are simply regarded as genetic remnants. There are several putative cryptic WO prophages in the sequenced Wolbachia genomes. Whether they are lytic is unclear and their functions are poorly understood. Only three open reading frames (ORFs) in cryptic WO prophages have been reported to be actively transcribed. Results: In this study, we comprehensively examined the transcription of the only cryptic WO prophage (WOSol) in a Wolbachia strain that infects a fig wasp, Ceratosolen solmsi (Agaonidae, Chalcidoidea). By analyzing the transcriptions of all the ORFs of WOSol in both sexes of C. solmsi, using qualitative and quantitative methods, we demonstrated that i) a high percentage of ORFs are actively transcribed (59%, 17/29); ii) the expression of these ORFs is highly sex-specific, with a strong male bias (three in females and 15 in males); iii) an ank (ankyrin-domain-containing) gene actively transcribed in both wasp sexes is more highly expressed in males. Conclusions: A large proportion of the genes in the cryptic WO prophage WOSol are expressed, which overturns the concept that cryptic prophages are simply genetically defective. The highly sex-specific expression patterns of these genes in the host suggest that they play important roles in Wolbachia biology and its reproductive manipulation of its insect host, particularly through the males.

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