Grain yield and water use in a long-term fertilization trial in Northwest China

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Fan, TL

作者： Fan, TL;Wang, SY;Tang, XM;Luo, JJ;Stewart, BA;Gao, YF

作者机构：

关键词： analysis of variance;corn;crop water stress index;grain yield;long-term fertilization;estimated evapotranspiration;water-use efficiency;wheat

期刊名称：AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT （ 影响因子：4.516； 五年影响因子：5.12 ）

ISSN： 0378-3774

年卷期： 2005 年 76 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The wheat- (Triticum aestivum L.) and corn- (Zea mays L.) rotation system is important for food security in Northwest China. Grain yield and water-use efficiency [WUE: grain yield/estimated evapotranspiration (ET)] were recorded during a 24-year fertilization trial in Pingliang (Gansu, China). Mean yields of wheat for the 16 years, starting in 1981, ranged from 1.29 Mg ha(-1) for unfertilized plots (CK) to 4.71 Mg ha-1 for plots that received manure (M) annually with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers (MNP). Corn yields for the 6 years, starting in 1979, averaged 2.29 and 5.61 Mg ha(-1) for the same respective treatments. Whether the years were dry, normal or wet, average grain yields and WUEs for both crops were consistently highest in the MNP and lowest in the CK treatment, and were always lower in the N than in the M treatment and in all others treatments that received N along with P fertilizers. More importantly, WUEs for MNP and for straw along with N annually and P every second year (SNP) were always higher than the other fertilized treatments in dry years. Compared to yield data, coefficients of variance (CV) for WUEs were consistently low for all treatments, suggesting that WUEs were relatively stable from year to year. Yields and WUEs declined over time, except in the CK and MNP treatments for wheat. Declined yields of wheat for the N and M treatments were comparable, and the decline for the NP treatment was similar to that for the SNP treatment. Likewise, corn yields and WUEs declined for all treatments. Grain yields were significantly correlated with ET, with slopes ranging from 0.5 to 1.27 kg m(-3) for wheat and from 1.15 to 2.03 kg m(-3) for com. Balanced fertilization and long-term addition of organic material to soil should be encouraged in this region to maximize the use of stored soil water, arrest grain yields decline, and ensure sustainable productivity using this intensive cereal cropping system. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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