Past and present of diagnosis of echinococcosis: A review (1999-2021)

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Alvi, Mughees Aizaz

作者： Alvi, Mughees Aizaz;Li, Li;Fu, Bao-Quan;Yan, Hong-Bin;Jia, Wan-Zhong;Alvi, Mughees Aizaz;Ali, Rana Muhammad Athar;Khan, Sadiq;Saqib, Muhammad;Qamar, Warda;Jia, Wan-Zhong

作者机构：

关键词： E. granulosus; E. multilocularis; Diagnostic tests; Zoonosis

期刊名称：ACTA TROPICA （ 影响因子：2.7； 五年影响因子：2.7 ）

ISSN： 0001-706X

年卷期： 2023 年 243 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The larval forms of taeniid cestodes belonging to the genus Echinococcus are the source of the zoonotic infection known as echinococcosis. Alveolar and cystic echinococcosis are caused by Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus (s. s), respectively. It is endemic in several regions of the world. In this systematic review, we describe diagnosis, and the species (human, canids, livestock, and small rodents) affected by cystic (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE). From 1999 to 2021, we searched the online directory through PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and google scholar. Among the 37,700 records found in the online databases, 187 publications met our eligibility requirements. The majority of investigations employed a range of diagnostic methods, such as ELISA, imaging, copro-PCR, necropsy or arecoline hydrobromide purgation, morphological cestode confirma-tion, and fecal sieving/flotation to detect and confirm Echinococcus infection. ELISA was the most commonly used method followed by PCR, and imaging. The research team retrieved data describing the incidence or assessment of the diagnostic test for E. multilocularis in humans (N = 99), canids (N = 63), small ruminants (N = 13), large ruminants (N = 3), camel (N = 2), pigs (N = 2) and small mammals (N = 5). This study was conducted to explore the diagnostic tools applied to detect echinococcosis in humans as well as animals in prevalent countries, and to report the characteristic of new diagnostic tests for disease surveillance. This systematic review revealed that ELISA (alone or in combination) was the most common method used for disease diagnosis and diagnostic efficacy and prevalence rate increased when recombinant antigens were used. It is highly recommended to use combi-nation protcols such as serological with molecular and imaging technique to diagnose disease. Our study iden-tified scarcity of data of reporting echinococcosis in humans/ animals in low-income or developing countries particularly central Asian countries. Study reports in small rodents indicate their role in disease dissemination but real situation in these host is not reflected due to limited number of studies. Even though echinococcosis affects both public health and the domestic animal sector, therefore, it is important to devise new and strengthen implementation of the existing monitoring, judging, and control measures in this estimate.

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