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Pesticides in surface waters of tropical river basins draining areas with rice-vegetable rotations in Hainan, China: Occurrence, relation to environmental factors, and risk assessment

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Tan, Huadong 1 ; Zhang, Huijie 1 ; Wu, Chunyuan 1 ; Wang, Chuanmi 1 ; Li, Qinfen 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Environm & Plant Protect Inst, Haikou 571101, Hainan, Peoples R China

2.Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Danzhou Sci Observing & Expt Stn Agroenvironm, Danzhou 571737, Peoples R China

3.Natl Agr Expt Stn Agr Environm, Danzhou 571737, Peoples R China

4.Hainan Engn Res Ctr Nonpoint Source & Heavy Met P, Danzhou 571737, Peoples R China

5.Huazhong Agr Univ, Sch Resources & Environm, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China

6.Hainan Univ, Coll Trop Crops, Haikou 570228, Hainan, Peoples R China

关键词： Currently used pesticides; Occurrence; Surface waters; Risk; Rice-vegetable rotations

期刊名称：ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION （ 影响因子：8.071； 五年影响因子：8.35 ）

ISSN： 0269-7491

年卷期： 2021 年 283 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Pesticides are heavily applied in rice-vegetable rotations in tropical China, yet publicly available information on the contamination and risk of currently used pesticides (CUPs) and legacy pesticides (LPs) in surface waters of river basins draining these areas is very limited. Therefore, in two tropical river basins (Nandu River and Wanquan River basins) dominated by rice-vegetable rotations in Hainan, China, pesticides were analyzed in 256 surface water samples in wet and dry seasons. Forty-one pesticides were detected, and total concentrations ranged from not detectable to 24.2 mu g/L. Carbendazim and imidacloprid were the two most prevalent CUPs, detected in 59.8% and 17.7%, respectively, of surface water samples at concentrations above 0.1 mu g/L. Chlorpyrifos was the main LP, detected in 9.0% of samples at a concentration above 0.05 mu g/L. The fungicides difenoconazole and emamectin benzoate, the herbicide butachlor, and the insecticide acetamiprid occurred in >= 12.5% samples at concentrations above 0.1 mu g/L. Surface waters typically (85.2%) contained 5 to 15 residues, with an average of nine. Seasonally, the concentrations of the 41 pesticides were in the order January > July > November > September. Spatially, the composition of the main CUPs (not LPs) was significantly different depending on position in the drainage, which also changed with seasons. Crop and pest types and wet and dry seasons were the key factors controlling the spatiotemporal distribution of CUPs and LPs in surface waters. On the basis of evaluations of the exposures to individual pesticides and the dominant combinations with >= 8 pesticides, multiple pesticides were likely a significant risk to aquatic organisms, although noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to humans were low. This study provides valuable data to better understand pesticide occurrence and ecological risks in river basins draining areas with rice-vegetable rotation systems in tropical China. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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