文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Ul Islam, Shams ¹ ; Aqueel, Muhammad Anjum ¹ ; Yousuf, Muhammad Usman ¹ ; Abbasi, Asim ³ ; Yasin, Muhammad ¹ ; Iqbal, Rashid ⁵ ; Raza, Muhammad Fahim ⁷ ; Parvaiz, Aqsa ⁸ ; Rebouh, Nazih Y. ⁹ ;

作者机构： 1.Islamia Univ Bahawalpur, Fac Agr & Environm, Dept Entomol, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan

2.Imperial Coll London, Div Biol, Silwood Pk Campus, Ascot SL5 7PY, England

3.Univ Agr Faisalabad, Dept Entomol, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan

4.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Coconut Res Inst, Wenchang 571339, Peoples R China

5.Islamia Univ Bahawalpur, Fac Agr & Environm, Dept Agron, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan

6.Western Caspian Univ, Dept Life Sci, AZ-1001 Baku, Azerbaijan

7.Univ Saskatchewan, Western Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathol, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada

8.Women Univ Multan, Dept Biochem & Biotechnol, Multan 66000, Pakistan

9.RUDN Univ, Inst Environm Engn, Dept Environm Management, 6 Miklukho Maklaya St, Moscow 117198, Russia

关键词： Apis mellifera diet; artificial diets; foraging activity; honey quality; social interactions of Apis mellifera; health biomarkers

期刊名称：INSECTS （ 影响因子：2.9； 五年影响因子：3.3 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2024 年 15 卷 11 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The diet of Apis mellifera L. is a crucial factor for managing its colonies particularly during dearth periods. Numerous diets have been developed; however, their global implementation faces challenges due to diverse climatic conditions and some other factors. To address this issue, three previously evaluated diets (selected from seven) were tested to assess their effects on A. mellifera using key health biomarkers (immune function, stress response) and performance metrics (foraging activity, honey quality, and social interactions). The experiment was conducted using 12 colonies, including three replications, in The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan, from June to September 2023. The results revealed that all the tested parameters were significantly affected by diets. Highest phenol-oxidase activity was recorded in T1 (28.7 U/mg). Heat shock protein (HSP) bands showed that T1 had the fewest (Hsp70), while T0 had more bands (Hsp40, Hsp60, and Hsp70), indicating stress differences. In foraging activity, average number of outgoing bees were highest in T1 (81.8) and lowest in T0 (31.2) and similar trend was followed for returning bees, i.e., T1 (81.8) and T0 (31.2). For pollen-carrying bees, the highest bees were counted in T1 (34.9), and the lowest in T0 (4.10). Honey quality was also significantly affected by diets, pH was highest in T1 (3.85), while moisture was highest in T0 (19.44%). Diastase activity, ash content, and electrical conductivity were best in T1 (13.74 units/g, 0.17%, 0.94 mS/cm, respectively). Mineral content was highest in T1 (406.54 mg/kg), and fructose content also peaked in T1 (396.21 mg/kg). Antioxidant contents, total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and ORAC value were highest in T1 (60.50 mg GAE/100 g, 44.41 mg QE/100 g, 10,237.30 mu mol TE/g), while T0 consistently showed the lowest values across all parameters. In social interaction experiments, trophallaxis events were most frequent in T1 (7.38), and T1 also exhibited the longest trophallaxis time (5.51 s). The number of bees per trophallaxis event and antennation frequency followed a similar trend, with the highest recorded in T1 (5.16 bees/event, 10.1 antennation frequency) and the lowest in T0 (2.94 bees/event, 4.18 antennation frequency). Therefore, diet-1 (Watermelon juice 20 mL + Fenugreek powder 2 g + Chickpea flour 20 g + Lupin flour 20 g + Mung bean flour 20 g + Yeast 10 g + Powdered sugar 40 g + vegetable oil 10 mL) is recommended as a suitable substitute for managing A. mellifera colonies during dearth periods.