文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Dai, Yunchuan ¹ ; Hacker, Charlotte E. ⁴ ; Cao, Yu ⁵ ; Cao, Hanning ⁶ ; Xue, Yadong ³ ; Ma, Xiaodong ⁷ ; Liu, Haodong; ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Chongqing Acad Social Sci, Inst Ecol & Environm Resources, Chongqing 400020, Peoples R China

2.Chongqing Acad Social Sci, Res Ctr Ecol Secur & Green Dev, Chongqing 400020, Peoples R China

3.Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Ecol Environm & Protect, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China

4.Duquesne Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA

5.Chongqing Univ, Sch Publ Adm, Chongqing 400000, Peoples R China

6.Renmin Univ China, High Sch, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China

7.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Res & Dev Ctr Grass & Environm, Beijing 10097, Peoples R China

8.Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Resource Informat Tech, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China

9.Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China

关键词： Tibetan brown bear; House break-ins; Brown bear diet; Metagenome; DNA barcoding; Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

期刊名称：SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT （ 影响因子：6.551； 五年影响因子：6.419 ）

ISSN： 0048-9697

年卷期： 2021 年 772 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Personal injury and property loss caused by wildlife often deteriorates the relationship between humans and animals, prompting retaliatory killings that threaten species survival. Conflicts between humans and Tibetan brown bears (Ursus arctos pruinosus) (Human-Bear Conflicts, HBC) in the Sanjiangyuan region have recently dramatically increased, seriously affecting community enthusiasm for brown bears and the conservation of other species. In order to understand the driving mechanisms of HBC, we proposed six potential drivers leading to increased occurrences of HBC. We conducted field research in Zhiduo County of the Sanjiangyuan region from 2017 to 2019 to test hypotheses through semi-constructed interviews, marmot (Marmots himalayana) density surveys and brown bear diet analysis based on metagenomic sequencing. Analysis of herder perceptions revealed that the driving factors of HBC were related to changes in their settlement practice and living habits, changes in foraging behavior of brown bears and recovery of the brown bear population. Since the establishment of winter homes, brown bears have gradually learned to utilize the food in unattended homes. Although 91.4% (n = 285) of the respondents no longer store food in unattended homes, brown bears were reported to still frequently approach winter homes for food due to improper disposal of dead livestock and household garbage. The frequency and abundance of marmots were found to be high in brown bear diet, indicating that marmots were the bears' primary food. However, marmot density had no significant effect on brown bears utilizing human food (P = 0.329), and HBC appears to not be caused by natural food shortages. Distance to rocky outcrops (P = 0.022) and winter homes (P = 0.040) were the key factors linked to brown bears pursuing human food. The number of brown bears has increased over the past decade, and HBC is likely linked to its population recovery. Our findings will provide scientific basis for formulating effective mitigation measures and protection countermeasures for brown bears. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.