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The Role of the Dopamine Melanin Pathway in the Ontogeny of Elytral Melanization in Harmonia axyridis

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Chen, Xu 1 ; Xiao, Da 2 ; Du, Xiaoyan 2 ; Guo, Xiaojun 2 ; Zhang, Fan 2 ; Desneux, Nicolas 3 ; Zang, Liansheng 1 ; Wang, 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Jilin Agr Univ, Inst Biol Control, Engn Res Ctr Resource Insects Industrializat, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China

2.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Plant & Environm Protect, Beijing, Peoples R China

3.Univ Cote dAzur, French Natl Inst Agr Res, Sophia Antipolis, France

关键词： DOPA decarboxylase; melanin; elytra; fecundity; Harmonia axyridis

期刊名称：FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY （ 影响因子：4.566； 五年影响因子：4.804 ）

ISSN： 1664-042X

年卷期： 2019 年 10 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Polymorphic melanism in insects is a conspicuous phenotype which is derived from specific genotypes, and might be central to speciation processes via assortative sexual selection. At the molecular level, melanism in insects is attributed to the melanin pathway. DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) protein encoded by the DDC gene plays a central role in dopamine-melanin synthesis, the main component of melanin in insects. Although the mechanism of melanism has been elucidated in holometabolous insects, other physiological processes coupled with melanin synthesis are unknown. Herein, we identified DDC from the Asian multi-colored ladybird (Hannonia axyridis), an ideal holometabolous insect for studies of melanization due to highly variable color on their elytra. Analyses revealed that HaDDC (the DDC gene of H. axyridis) was constitutively expressed throughout all developmental stages. We performed RNAi technique to examine the melanin synthesis pathway of elytra in H. axyridis. The transcript levels of HaDDC were significantly suppressed after the injection of double-strand RNA of HaDDC (dsHaDDC) at 300 ng/individual in third instar larvae. Silencing HaDDC in third instar larvae did not result in mortality nor significantly affect pupation and eclosion. We further demonstrated that all adults of H. axyridis (forms succinea, spectabilis, and conspicua) with HaDDC silenced in third larvae showed abnormal phenotype which emerged as decreased elytra melanin. However, melanin was still observed in other parts of the adults such as head or pronotum. These results demonstrate for the first time that dopamine-derived melanin is the main contributor in elytra melanization in H. axyridis. Additionally, we provide evidence for DDC in regulating fecundity by showing that silencing of HaDDC in third instar larvae significantly reduced female egg-laying and egg hatching. As such, DDC is likely pleiotropic in respect of its role in melanin production and fecundity processes. These findings bring novel insights into melanin production in holometabolous insects, and contribute to the framework on which further studies may be conducted on the mechanism of pigment production and patterning in various types of insect coloration.

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