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Occurrence and Drivers of Antibiotic Resistance Genes Carried by Bacteriophages in Soils Following Different Fertilization Treatments

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zhang, Mingdi 1 ; Guo, Yajie 2 ; Zhang, Yue 2 ; Hu, Xueying 2 ; Cheng, Shoutao 2 ; Wang, Xuming 2 ;

作者机构： 1.Jilin Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China

2.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Biotechnol, Beijing Key Lab Agr Genet Resources & Biotechnol, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

3.Beijing Da Bei Nong Grp, State Key Lab Forage Microbiol Engn, Beijing 100194, Peoples R China

关键词： bacteriophages; antibiotic resistance genes; agricultural soil; fertilization; droplet digital PCR

期刊名称：TOXICS （ 影响因子：4.1； 五年影响因子：4.6 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2025 年 13 卷 6 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Fertilization has an important effect on soil antibiotic resistance. Most recent studies have focused on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) harbored by bacteria (bARGs); however, little is known about ARGs carried by soil bacteriophages (pARGs) under different fertilization treatments. Here, 24 pARG subtypes were quantified in soils with long-term application of different fertilizers using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). The results showed that the detection rates of the target ARGs in bacteriophages were 66.67%, 70.83%, and 75.00% in unfertilized, chemically fertilized, and organically fertilized soils, respectively. The total abundance of pARGs in soils amended with organic fertilizer was significantly higher than that in unfertilized and chemically fertilized soils. The multidrug resistance gene (mexF) exhibited the highest abundance in soils amended with organic fertilizer. A significant positive correlation was observed between bARGs and pARGs, and the detected pARG subtype abundances were one to two orders of magnitude lower than those of the corresponding bARGs. The results of variation partitioning analysis revealed that the interaction between the bacterial community and soil properties drove the variation in soil pARGs. Our findings indicate that bacteriophages are important vectors of ARGs, in addition to bacteria, in agricultural soils, and their contribution to antibiotic resistance should not be overlooked.

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