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Optimizing nitrogen management to mitigate gaseous losses and improve net benefits of an open-field Chinese cabbage system

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Fan, Daijia 1 ; Wang, Xuexia 1 ; Song, Daping 1 ; Shi, Yaoyao 1 ; Chen, Yanhua 1 ; Wang, Jiachen 1 ; Cao, Bing 1 ; Zou, Guoyuan 1 ; He, Wentian 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Plant Nutr Resources & Environm, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

关键词： Open vegetable field; Nitrous oxide emission; Ammonia volatilization; Controlled-release urea; Nitrification inhibitor

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT （ 影响因子：8.91； 五年影响因子：8.549 ）

ISSN： 0301-4797

年卷期： 2022 年 318 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The excessive and inappropriate application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer in open vegetable fields is a major anthropogenic source of gaseous N losses including nitrous oxide (N2O) and ammonia (NH3) emissions in China. A 2-yr Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) experiment was carried out to explore the impacts of optimized N management (reduced N application rate, controlled-release urea [CRF] and nitrification inhibitor [NI]) on cabbage yield, soil inorganic N, and N2O and NH3 emissions, and to assess their economic benefits by a costbenefit analysis. Six treatments including i) no N fertilizer (CK), ii) conventional urea fertilizer at 400 kg N ha(-1) based on farmers' practices (CN), iii) conventional urea at 320 kg N ha(-1) (RN), iv) conventional urea (320 kg N ha(-1)) with the addition of NI (RN + NI), CRF at 320 kg N ha(-1) (CR) and vi) CRF (320 kg N ha(-1)) with the addition of NI (CR + NI) were implemented in an open Chinese cabbage field. No significant differences were found in the cabbage yields and soil NH4--N contents under different N fertilization treatments. Only CR + NI treatment had significantly lower soil NO3--N contents than CN by 17.6%-34.6% at the early growing stages of cabbage in both years. Compared with CN, the N2O emissions were significantly decreased by 8.61%, 34.4%, 37.8% and 46.6% under RN, RN + NI, CR and CR + NI, respectively, indicating that CR + NI favors N2O abatement especially when NH3 has been suppressed by other 4 R practices. Meanwhile, the NH3 volatilization was 20.6% higher under RN + NI and 30.8% and 17.3% lower under CR and CR + NI compared to CN, respectively, which implied that CR was the most effective treatment in reducing the NH3 volatilization and total gaseous N loss in high NH3-N loss scenarios. Moreover, the net benefit of RN decreased by $945 USD ha(-1) and those of RN + NI, CR and CR + NI treatments increased by $855, $930 and $1004 USD ha(-1) compared to CN, respectively. This study recommends CR + NI as the optimal N fertilizer management for the sustainable production of vegetables with the lowest environmental risks and the greatest economic benefits.

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