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The underlying molecular conservation and diversification of dioecious flower and leaf buds provide insights into the development, dormancy breaking, flowering, and sex association of willows

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Ye, Xiaoxue 1 ; Zhao, Xijuan 2 ; Sun, Yajun 1 ; Zhang, Meijiao 1 ; Feng, Shuang 1 ; Zhou, Aimin 5 ; Wu, Wenwu 2 ; Ma, Shu 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Northeast Forestry Univ, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Saline Alkali Vegetat Ecol Restorat, Minist Educ, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China

2.Zhejiang A&F Univ, State Key Lab Subtrop Silviculture, Hangzhou 311300, Peoples R China

3.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Inst Trop Biosci & Biotechnol, Haikou 571101, Hainan, Peoples R China

4.Qiqihar Ecoenvironm Monitoring Ctr Heilongjiang P, Qiqihar 161005, Peoples R China

5.Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Hort & Landscape Architecture, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China

关键词： Flower bud; Leaf bud; Dioecy; Transcriptome; Vernalization; ABCDE model; Sex determination

期刊名称：PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY （ 影响因子：4.27； 五年影响因子：4.816 ）

ISSN： 0981-9428

年卷期： 2021 年 167 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： As harbingers of bursting growth, flower buds and leaf buds generally show similar surface morphologies but different structural and functional changes. Dioecious plants further generate four types of Female/Male Flower/Leaf Buds (FFB, FLB, MFB, and MLB), showing a complex regulation. However, little is known about their underlying molecular mechanisms. Here, we exemplify the woody dioecious Salix linearistipularis to investigate their morphological characteristics and potential molecular mechanisms by combining cytological, physiological, phenological, and transcriptomic datasets. First, FFB and MFB have simultaneous development dynamics and so do FLB and MLB. Interestingly, FLB and MLB show very similar expression profiles preparing for photosynthesis and stress-tolerance, whereas FFB and MFB show great similarities but also striking sexual differences. Comparing flower buds and leaf buds after their revival from dormancy shows different cold- and vernalization-responsive genes (e.g. SliVRN1, SliAGL19, and SliAGL24), implying different programming processes for dormancy breaking between the buds. Moreover, except SliAP3, the expression of ABCDE model genes is consistent with their roles in the buds, suggesting a conserved mechanism of flower development between dioecious Salix and hermaphrodite Arabidopsis. Finally, considering sex-associated genes (e.g. SliCLE25, SliTPS21, and SliARR9) on Salix chromosomes and other reports, we hypothesize a dynamic model of sex determination on chromosomes 15 and 19 in the last ancestor of Salix and Populus but evolutionarily on 15 in Salix after their divergence. Together, our study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of dioecious four-type buds by showing the genes involved in their development, dormancy breaking, flowering, and sexual association.

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