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Soil biological fertility evolution in a chronosequence under long-term rice cultivation after land reclamation in China

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Pan, Jinhua 1 ; Wang, Jin 3 ; Zhuang, Shunyao 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, 71 East Beijing Rd, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China

2.Lincoln Univ, Dept Soil & Phys Sci, Lincoln, New Zealand

3.Hebei Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Shijiazhuang Inst Fruit Trees, Shijiazhuang, Peoples R China

关键词： biological activities; carbon sequestration; cultivation chronosequence; land use change; soil respiration

期刊名称：EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE （ 影响因子：4.0； 五年影响因子：4.9 ）

ISSN： 1351-0754

年卷期： 2024 年 75 卷 4 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Land use significantly affects soil biological fertility through impacts on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. The present study investigated the effects of long-term rice cultivation after tidal flat reclamation on soil C and N metabolism, microbial biomass and biological fertility. Eighteen composite topsoil (0-20 cm) samples were identified in a chronosequence of coastal reclamation areas (0-700 years old) in subtropical monsoon climate zone, namely tidal flat (T0), salt marsh soil (S10) and paddy soil (P50, P100, P300 and P700). Using ANOVA analysis, mono-exponential regression model, and multiple linear regressions, soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), cumulative C mineralization content (Ct) and N mineralization content (Nt), basal soil respiration (BSR) and microbial biomass C and N (MBC and MBN) in the P50-P700 samples were significantly higher than those in the T0 and S10 samples, whereas C metabolic quotients (qCO2) in the P50-P700 were significantly lower than those in the T0 and S10 samples. The time to steady state for SOM and TN are 357 years and 80 years, respectively; 133 and 221 years for Ct and Nt, respectively; and 318 and 183 years for MBC and MBN, respectively. Also, a soil biological fertility index (SBFI) was calculated on the basis of SOM, BSR, Ct, MBC, qCO2 and qCM. P100-P300 samples had the highest SBFI score (28.7) and ranked in the class V (very high) of biological fertility, achieving steady-state conditions after 146 years. SBFI was significantly positively correlated with SOM, TN, MBC, MBN, BSR, Ct and Nt, whereas it was significantly negatively correlated with pH, qCO2 and C mineralization quotient (qCM). MBC and qCM were two independent variables with considerable positive effects on SBFI. Long-term rice cultivation could facilitate C and N accumulation and enhance biological fertility in soils via microbial activity, especially within 300 years. Our findings demonstrate that rice cultivation has the potential to enhance soil C and N accumulation. Carbon-related SBFI is suitable for assessing soils under long-term rice cultivation, mainly because the rice paddy field is an intensive and conservative system.

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