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Occurrence, distribution, and driving factors of current-use pesticides in commonly cultivated crops and their potential risks to non-target organisms: A case study in Hainan, China

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Tan, Huadong 1 ; Wu, Qiumin 1 ; Hao, Rong 2 ; Wang, Chuanmi 1 ; Zhai, Jinlin 3 ; Li, Qinfen 1 ; Cui, Yanmei 1 ; Wu, Chunyuan 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Environm & Plant Protect Inst, Haikou 571101, Peoples R China

2.Cent China Agr Univ, Sch Resources & Environm, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China

3.Hainan Univ, Coll Trop Crops, Haikou 570228, Peoples R China

4.Danzhou Sci Observing & Expt Stn Agroenvironm, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Danzhou 571737, Peoples R China

5.Natl Agr Expt Stn Agr Environm, Danzhou 571737, Peoples R China

6.Hainan Engn Res Ctr Nonpoint Source & Heavy Met Po, Danzhou 571737, Peoples R China

关键词： Currently-used pesticides; Crops; Ecological risk; Dietary risk assessment; Hazard index

期刊名称：SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT （ 影响因子：10.753； 五年影响因子：10.237 ）

ISSN： 0048-9697

年卷期： 2023 年 854 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Multiple pesticides are heavily applied in crops grown in China's tropics due to the prevalence of diseases and pests, thus posing potential risks to nontarget organisms (e.g., honeybees, lacewings, ladybugs, and humans). However, there is little information on this topic. This study is the first assessment of the occurrence, driving factors, and ecological/human health risks of 32 current-use pesticides (CUPs) in 10 frequently-planted crops collected from practicing rice-vegetable rotation systems in Hainan, China. Of the 132 whole crop samples, 44 (33.3 %) residues from >= 8 pesticides were detected in 9.09 % of crop samples with concentrations >= 0.5 mg kg(-1). Six pesticide residues, namely carbendazim, pyraclostrobin, acetamiprid, thiophanate methyl, phoxim, and imidacloprid, were detected in 72.7 % of samples, with concentrations ranging from 0.0021 to 13.5 (median = 0.032) mg kg(-1). Among them, carbendazim, pyraclostrobin, and acetamiprid were the most common, contributions from 10.2 to 25.5 % and a detection frequency ranging from 25.6 to 56.1 %. The order of total concentration of 32 CUPs ( n-expressionry sumexpressiontion 32 CUP) concentrations during the year was January > May > November > August and vegetables > rice, being highly related with pesticides usage pattern, crop type, plant accumulation/dissipation and plant lipid contents. The ecological risk quotients (RQs) to four beneficial terrestrial organisms showed that 9.6-39.1 % of samples posed a potential medium or high ecological risk, with 13.6-65.9 % of samples at n-expressionry sumexpressiontion RQ > 1 being highly affected by the residues of neonicotinoids and emamectin benzoate. Emamectin benzoate (8.9 %) and acetamiprid (5.6 %) exceeded the individual Maximum Residue Levels based on of (2023) Chinese legislation (GB2763-2021). Moreover, cumulative dietary exposure presented a higher risk to humans in 11.0 and 22.0 % of the cases for acute and chronic, mainly originating from the higher concentration contributors of systemic pesticides in edible crops. Therefore, the regulation and monitoring of CUP residues is imperative for rice -vegetable rotation systems in tropical China to avoid negative effects on nontarget organisms.

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