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Responses of soil properties, microbial community and crop yields to various rates of nitrogen fertilization in a wheat-maize cropping system in north-central China

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zhao, Shicheng 1 ; Qiu, Shaojun 1 ; Cao, Caiyun 4 ; Zheng, Chunlian 5 ; Zhou, Wei 1 ; He, Ping 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Minist Agr, Key Lab Plant Nutr & Fertilizer, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China

2.Int Plant Nutr Inst, Beijing Off, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China

3.CAAS IPNI Joint Lab Plant Nutr Innovat Res, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China

4.Hebei Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Dryland Farming Inst, Hengshui 053000, Peoples R China

5.Hebei Acad Agr & Fores

关键词： Nitrogen application rate;Winter wheat–summer maize rotation;Soil chemical properties;Soil microbial community structure;Grain yield

期刊名称：AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT （ 影响因子：5.567； 五年影响因子：6.064 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Excessive nitrogen (N) fertilization is widespread in intensive double cropping system in China and assessment of changes in soil quality and crop production under various N application rates is important for N fertilizer management. A wheat (Triticum aestivum L)-maize (Zea mays L.) rotation experiment was conducted from 2009 to 2012 in north-central China to study the effects of high N fertilization rates on soil chemical properties and microbial community, and to evaluate soil sustainability under reduced N inputs. The N rates tested were 0 (N0), 70 (N1), 140 (N2), 210 (N3), 280 (N4) and 350 kg N ha(-1) (N5) in the maize season, and 0 (N0), 60 (N1), 120 (N2), 180 (N3), 240 (N4) and 300 kg N ha(-1) (N5) in the wheat season, respectively. Soil NO3--N in the 0-100 cm depth, and soil electrical conductivity (EC) and nitrification potential in the 0-20 cm were significantly increased, whilst pH in the 0-20 cm was decreased with increasing N application rates. In addition, the high rates of N fertilization (N4 and N5) increased soil fungal abundance and the ratio of fungi to bacteria compared with lower N rates and the N control; however, N rates did not influence abundance of soil bacteria and actinomycetes, and total phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA). The application of N at 180 and 210 kg N ha(-1) during the wheat and maize seasons, respectively, sustained high yields and enhanced accumulated N recovery efficiency (RENac) compared with higher N rates. Our results indicated that the high N inputs degraded soil quality and changed microbial community structure. A 12.5-40% reduction in the farmers' conventional N application rates was practical to reduce excess N input while maintaining the sustainability of the wheat-maize cropping system in north-central China

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