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Graphene networks and their influence on free-volume properties of graphene-epoxidized natural rubber composites with a segregated structure: rheological and positron annihilation studies

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： He, Canzhong 1 ; She, Xiaodong 2 ; Peng, Zheng 1 ; Zhong, Jieping 1 ; Liao, Shuangquan 2 ; Gong, Wei 1 ; Liao, Jianhe; 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Chinese Agr Minist, Key Lab Trop Crop Prod Proc, Agr Prod Proc Res Inst, Zhanjiang 524001, Peoples R China

2.Hainan Univ, Coll Mat & Chem Engn, Haikou 571737, Peoples R China

3.Deakin Univ, Inst Frontier Mat, Geelong, Vic 3216, Australia

4.Deakin Univ, Inst Frontier Mat

期刊名称：PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS （ 影响因子：3.676； 五年影响因子：3.802 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Epoxidized natural rubber-graphene (ENR-GE) composites with segregated GE networks were successfully fabricated using the latex mixing combined in situ reduced technology. The rheological behavior and electrical conductivity of ENR-GE composites were investigated. At low frequencies, the storage modulus (G') became frequency-independent suggesting a solid-like rheological behavior and the formation of GE networks. According to the percolation theory, the rheological threshold of ENR-GE composites was calculated to be 0.17 vol%, which was lower than the electrical threshold of 0.23 vol%. Both percolation thresholds depended on the evolution of the GE networks in the composites. At low GE concentrations (<0.17 vol%), GE existed as individual units, while a "polymer-bridged GE network'' was constructed in the composites when GE concentrations exceeded 0.17 vol%. Finally, a "threedimensional GE network'' with percolation conductive paths was formed with a GE concentration of 0.23 vol%, where a remarkable increase in the conductivity of ENR-GE composites was observed. The effect of GE on the atom scale free-volume properties of composites was further studied by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and positron age momentum correlation measurements. The motion of ENR chains was retarded by the geometric confinement of "GE networks'', producing a high-density interfacial region in the vicinity of GE nanoplatelets, which led to a lower ortho-positronium lifetime intensity and smaller free-volume hole size.

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