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Joint toxicity of chlorpyrifos, atrazine, and cadmium at lethal concentrations to the earthworm Eisenia fetida

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Yang, Guiling 1 ; Chen, Chen 2 ; Wang, Yanhua 1 ; Cai, Leiming 1 ; Kong, Xiangzhen 3 ; Qian, Yongzhong; Wang, Qiang 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Qual & Standard Agr Prod,Minist Agr, Lab Hangzhou Risk Assessment Agr Prod,Key Lab Pes, State Key Lab Breeding Base Zhejiang Sustainable, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, Peoples R China

2.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Qual Stand & Testing Technol Agroprod, Key Lab Agroprod Qual & Safety, Minist Agr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China

3.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Qual Stand & T

关键词： Insecticide;Herbicide;Heavymetal;Eisenia fetida;Acutemixture toxicity;Combination index

期刊名称：ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH （ 影响因子：4.223； 五年影响因子：4.306 ）

ISSN：

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Contaminants in the environment often occur as complex mixtures, and their combined effect may exhibit toxicity to organisms. Risk assessments based on individual components tend to underestimate the effects associated with toxic action of mixtures. Toxicity studies on chemical mixtures are urgently required to assess their potential combined toxicities. The combination index (CI)-isobologram method was used to study chemical interactions to determine the nature of toxicological interactions of two pesticides chlorpyrifos and atrazine and a heavy metal cadmium toward earthworm Eisenia fetida by artificial soil and filter paper acute toxicity tests. The results showed that the binary mixture of chlorpyrifos and atrazine was antagonistic toward Eisenia fetida at all f(a) levels in an artificial soil test. The combination of atrazine and Cd exhibited a slight degree of synergism throughout the exposure range, while chlorpyrifos plus Cd combination led to dual antagonistic/synergistic behavior. The nature of binary combinations in filter paper displayed opposite interaction to that in the artificial soil test, and the toxicity of ternary mixtures was not significantly synergistic than their binaries. The combination index (CI)-isobologram equation method could determine the interaction types for a series of effect levels of three chemicals in binary and ternary combinations in two types of acute earthworm tests. However, the nature of these interactions was not uniform along the f(a) level range in any of the two tests. Bioavailability, the nature of toxicological interaction, and the test organism need to be considered for understanding exposures and chemical measures. The synergistic effect for the particular binary combination suggests that a potential risk associated with the co-occurrence of these pollutants may still exist, which may have implications in risk assessment for the terrestrial environment. The combined effects between different contaminants might be influenced by the category of chemical, as well as the bioassay procedures. More studies of combined toxicities among these contaminants in the terrestrial environment should be conducted to identify the mixtures exhibiting synergistic pattern of interactions.

  • 相关文献

[1]Ternary toxicological interactions of insecticides, herbicides, and a heavy metal on the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Wang, Yanhua,Zhao, Xueping,Wang, Qiang,Chen, Chen,Qian, Yongzhong.

[2]The synergistic toxicity of the multiple chemical mixtures: Implications for risk assessment in the terrestrial environment. Chen, Chen,Qian, Yongzhong,Chen, Chen,Qian, Yongzhong,Wang, Yanhua,Zhao, Xueping,Wang, Qiang.

[3]Toxicity of mixtures of lambda-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid and cadmium on the earthworm Eisenia fetida by combination index (CI)-isobologram method. Wang, Yanhua,Zhao, Xueping,Wang, Qiang,Chen, Chen,Qian, Yongzhong,Kong, Xiangzhen.

[4]Mixture toxicity of four commonly used pesticides at different effect levels to the epigeic earthworm, Eisenia fetida. Yang, Guiling,Chen, Chen,Guo, Dongmei,Qian, Yongzhong,Yang, Guiling,Wang, Yanhua,Peng, Qi,Zhao, Huiyu,Wang, Qiang.

[5]Combined toxicity of butachlor, atrazine and lambda-cyhalothrin on the earthworm Eisenia fetida by combination index (CI)-isobologram method. Chen, Chen,Qian, Yongzhong,Wang, Yanhua,Zhao, Xueping,Wang, Qiang,Wang, Yanhua,Zhao, Xueping,Wang, Qiang. 2014

[6]Comparative and combined acute toxicity of butachlor, imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos on earthworm, Eisenia fetida. Chen, Chen,Qian, Yongzhong,Wang, Yanhua,Zhao, Xueping,Wang, Qiang.

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