文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Jia, L. -Y. ¹ ; Xiao, J. -H. ¹ ; Xiong, T. -L. ¹ ; Niu, L. -M. ² ; Huang, D. -W. ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Zool Systemat & Evolut, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China

2.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Environm & Plant Protect Inst, Danzhou, Hainan, Peoples R China

3.Shandong Agr Univ, Plant Protect Coll, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China

关键词： complementary sex-determination;inbreeding;pseudogene;alternative splicing;gene duplication

期刊名称：INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY （ 影响因子：3.585； 五年影响因子：3.215 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Transformer (tra) is the key gene that turns on the sex-determination cascade in Drosophila melanogaster and in some other insects. The honeybee Apis mellifera has two duplicates of tra, one of which (complementary sex determiner, csd) is the primary signal for complementary sex-determination (CSD), regulating the other duplicate (feminizer). Two tra duplicates have been found in some other hymenopteran species, resulting in the assumption that a single ancestral duplication of tra took place in the Hymenoptera. Here, we searched for tra homologues and pseudogenes in the Hymenoptera, focusing on five newly published hymenopteran genomes. We found three tra copies in the fig wasp Ceratosolen solmsi. Further evolutionary and expression analyses also showed that the two duplicates (Csoltra-B and Csoltra-C) are under positive selection, and have female-specific expression, suggesting possible sex-related functions. Moreover, Aculeata species exhibit many pseudogenes generated by lineage-specific duplications. We conclude that phylogenetic reconstruction and pseudogene screening provide novel evidence supporting the hypothesis of independent duplications rather an ancestral origin of multiple tra paralogues in the Hymenoptera. The case of C. solmsi is the first example of a non-CSD species with duplicated tra, contrary to the previous assumption that derived tra paralogues function as the CSD locus.