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Fatty Acid and Lipid Metabolism in Oil Palm: From Biochemistry to Molecular Mechanisms

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Afifi, Eman H. 1 ; Martin, Jerome Jeyakumar John 1 ; Wang, Qi 1 ; Li, Xinyu 1 ; Liu, Xiaoyu 1 ; Zhou, Lixia 1 ; Li, Rui 1 ; Fu, Dengqiang 1 ; Li, Qihong 1 ; Ye, Jianqiu 1 ; Cao, Hongxing 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Natl Key Lab Trop Crop Breeding, Haikou 571101, Peoples R China

2.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Coconut Res Inst, Wenchang 571339, Peoples R China

3.Agr Res Ctr, Hort Res Inst, Fruit Breeding Dept, Giza 12619, Egypt

关键词： oil palm; fatty acid metabolism; lipid biosynthesis; lipid accumulation; biochemical pathways; molecular mechanisms

期刊名称：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES （ 影响因子：4.9； 五年影响因子：5.7 ）

ISSN： 1661-6596

年卷期： 2025 年 26 卷 6 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is a cornerstone of the economy in many countries due to its unparalleled ability to produce high yields of oil, making it a critical crop among oil-producing fruits. This review aims to elucidate the processes involved in fatty acid formation and synthesis, which are essential components of palm oil, and to examine the changes these fatty acids undergo during fruit growth and ripening. Additionally, we highlight the genes and molecular mechanisms governing fatty acid metabolism, which hold significant potential for influencing oil composition and quality. Understanding these pathways is vital, as fatty acid profiles have profound implications for both human health and industrial applications. While palm oil contains beneficial compounds, such as polyphenols and vitamin E, concerns arise from its high palmitic acid content and the formation of potentially harmful byproducts during industrial refining, such as 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) esters and glycidyl esters. We also explore advanced breeding methods and modern strategies to enhance oil quality and productivity, including the application of genomic tools to transfer desirable traits and expand genetic diversity in breeding programs. By integrating biochemical, genetic, and biotechnological insights, this review provides a foundation for improving palm oil production and addressing the growing demand for healthier, sustainable oil solutions.

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