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Genetic diversity, population structure, and genome-wide association analysis of ginkgo cultivars

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Hu, Yaping 1 ; Yu, Zhaoyan 2 ; Gao, Xiaoge 1 ; Liu, Ganping 1 ; Zhang, Yun 3 ; Smarda, Petr 4 ; Guo, Qirong 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coinnovat Ctr Sustainable Forestry Southern China, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China

2.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Coconut Res Inst, Wenchang 571339, Hainan, Peoples R China

3.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Grassland Flowers & Ecol, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

4.Masaryk Univ, Dept Bot & Zool, Fac Sci, Koltlarska 2, Brno 61137, Czech Republic

期刊名称：HORTICULTURE RESEARCH （ 影响因子：8.7； 五年影响因子：9.0 ）

ISSN： 2662-6810

年卷期： 2023 年 10 卷 8 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Ginkgo biloba is an economically valuable tree worldwide. The species has nearly become extinct during the Quaternary, which has likely resulted in reduction of its genetic variability. The genetic variability is now conserved in few natural populations in China and a number of cultivars that are, however, derived from a few ancient trees, helping the species survive in China through medieval times. Despite the recent interest in ginkgo, however, detailed knowledge of its genetic diversity, conserved in cultivated trees and cultivars, has remained poor. This limits efficient conservation of its diversity as well as efficient use of the existing germplasm resources. Here we performed genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) on 102 cultivated germplasms of ginkgo collected to explore their genetic structure, kinship, and inbreeding prediction. For the first time in ginkgo, a genome-wide association analysis study (GWAS) was used to attempt gene mapping of seed traits. The results showed that most of the germplasms did not show any obvious genetic relationship. The size of the ginkgo germplasm population expanded significantly around 1500 years ago during the Sui and Tang dynasties. Classification of seed cultivars based on a phylogenetic perspective does not support the current classification criteria based on phenotype. Twenty-four candidate genes were localized after performing GWAS on the seed traits. Overall, this study reveals the genetic basis of ginkgo seed traits and provides insights into its cultivation history. These findings will facilitate the conservation and utilization of the domesticated germplasms of this living fossil plant.

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