Effects of straw mulching on soil temperature, evaporation and yield of winter wheat: field experiments on the North China Plain
文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： Chen, S. Y. 1 ; Zhang, X. Y. 2 ; Pei, D. 2 ; Sun, H. Y. 2 ; Chen, S. L. 2 ;
作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Agr Resources Res, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Shijiazhuang 050021, Peoples R China
2.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Agr Resources Res, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Shijiazhuang 050021, Peoples R China; Hebei Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Cereal & Oil Crops, Shijiazhuang, Peoples R China
关键词： grain yield;soil evaporation;soil temperature;straw mulching;water use efficiency
期刊名称：ANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY （ 影响因子：2.75； 五年影响因子：2.942 ）
ISSN： 0003-4746
年卷期： 2007 年 150 卷 3 期
页码：
收录情况： SCI
摘要： Straw mulching is an effective measure to conserve soil moisture. However, the existence of straw on the soil surface also affects soil temperature, which in turn influences crop growth, especially of winter crops. Five-year field experiments (2000-2005) investigated the effects of straw mulching and straw mass on soil temperature, soil evaporation, crop growth and development, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Luancheng Station on the North China Plain. Soil is a moderately well-drained loamy soil with a deep profile at the station. Two quantities of mulch were used: 3000 kg ha(-1) [less mulching (LM)] and 6000 kg ha(-1) [more mulching (MM)], representing half and all of the straw from the previous crop (maize). In the control (CK), the full quantity of mulch was ploughed into the top 20 cm of soil. The results showed that the existence of straw on the soil surface reduced the maximum, but increased the minimum diurnal soil temperature. When soil temperature was decreasing (from November to early February the next year), soil temperature (0-10 cm) under straw mulching was on average 0.3 degrees C higher for LM and 0.58 degrees C higher for MM than that without mulching (CK). During the period when soil temperature increased (from February to early April, the recovery and jointing stages of winter wheat), average daily soil temperature of 0-10 cm was 0.42 degrees C lower for LM and 0.65 degrees C lower for MM than that of CK. With the increase in leaf area index, the effect of mulching on soil temperature gradually disappeared. The lower soil temperature under mulch in spring delayed the development of winter wheat up to 7 days, which on average reduced the final grain yield by 5% for LM and 7% for MM compared with CK over the five seasons. Mulch reduced soil evaporation by 21% under LM and 40% under MM compared with CK, based on daily measuring of microlysimeters. However, because yield was reduced, the overall WUE was not improved by mulch.
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