文献类型： 会议论文

第一作者： L. P. Yuan

作者： L. P. Yuan ¹ ; Z. Y. Yang ² ; J. B. Yang ³ ;

作者机构： 1.Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China

2.Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China

3.Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

会议名称： International symposium on hybrid rice

主办单位：

页码： 1-5

摘要： Hybrid rice helped China to increase rice production by 200 million t from 1976 to 1991. It has been proved practically on a large scale that hybrid rice has a yield advantage of more than 30% over conventional pureline varieties. Current research in China indicates that the yield potential of hybrid rice can be increased by improving breeding methodology and increasing the degree of heterosis. Existing hybrid rice varieties used commercially in China are intervarietal hybrids produced by the cytoplasmic genetic male sterility (CMS) system. A series of elite CMS and restorer lines have been bred and show potential not only in quantity but also in quality. The CMS system is the most effective genetic tool in hybrid rice breeding. However,some constraints and problems remain to be solved. Chinese rice scientists have been exploring new technological approaches. Photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile lines and thermosensitive genic male sterile lines have been developed successfully. Exploiting these lines to develop two-line hybrids has many advantages over the classical three line hybrids. Several improved intervarietal and intersubspecific hybrids produced by the two-line system have been under regional and farmer’s field trials since 1989. The results are promising. Some of them outyielded the best existing hybrids by 10-30%. A one-line method to develop truebreeding rice hybrids through apomixis is also under investigation in China. Hybrid seed production practices in China are well-developed and give average seed yields of 2.3 t/ha. The field area ratio between A line multiplication, hybrid seed production,and F1 commercial cultivation is 1:50:5000. However, seed yield, and therefore profitability of seed companies, is greatly influenced by the weather conditions during flowering time. Government intervention likewise plays an important role. Prospects for hybrid rice in China are considered to be bright, and the development of hybrid rices with higher degree of heterosis using new methodology is of strategic significance in rice production.

分类号： Q781`S334