Research Advances in the Impacts of Biochar on the Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Communities of Saline Soils

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： An, Xia

作者： An, Xia;Liu, Qin;Luo, Xiahong;Chen, Changli;Liu, Tingting;Zou, Lina;Liu, Qin;Pan, Feixiang;Yao, Yu;Wang, Weidong;Wang, Jinwang;Liu, Xing

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关键词： biochar; saline soil improvement; physicochemical properties; nutrient cycling; biochar-microorganisms interaction

期刊名称：SUSTAINABILITY （ 影响因子：3.9； 五年影响因子：4.0 ）

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年卷期： 2023 年 15 卷 19 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The scientific management of salinized agricultural lands and the use of undeveloped saline lands to ensure food security have become one of the most urgent tasks nowadays. Biochar contains rich carbon (C) and functional groups, and processes high alkalinity, porosity, and specific surface area (SSA). Thus, it has been widely used as an effective organic conditioner in acidic or neutral soils to improve their fertility. However, so far, the impacts of biochar application on properities of saline soils and the underlying mechanisms remain unveiled. Therefore, in this study, we focus on the investigation of the impacts of biochar on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of saline soils. We found that biochar could: (1) decrease soil bulk density (BD), increase soil porosity, promote the formation of soil aggregation and enhance the leaching of soil salts; (2) increase the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil, decrease the salinity of soil through ion exchange and adsorption; (3) directly act as the nutrient supplements, indirectly adsorb water and nutrients or improve nutrient availability (e.g., soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover and sequestration, nutrient cycling); and (4) improve the structure and functioning of the soil microbial community and therefore indirectly impact the C, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling in soil systems. However, these impacts heavily depend on the properties, the concentration of the biochar added to the soil, and the type and location of the soil. In fact, some studies have shown that the addition of biochar in soil could even increase the salinity of saline soils. Another issue is the lack of long-term and large-scale field experiments regarding the impact of biochar addition on properties of saline soils. Therefore, future studies should focus on long-term field experiments with the combination of traditional soil analytical methods and mordern molecular techniques (e.g., high-throughput sequencing, macro-genomics, and metabolomics) to comprehensively reveal the response mechanism of physicochemical properties and microbial characteristics of saline soils to exogenous biochar. Our study can provide a scientific foundation for the practical agricultural production and ecological management of biochar.

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