The underlying mechanism of bacterial spore germination: An update review

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Lyu, Fengzhi

作者： Lyu, Fengzhi;Zhang, Tianyu;Wang, Yongtao;Zhao, Liang;Wu, Xiaomeng;Rao, Lei;Liao, Xiaojun;Gui, Meng;Rao, Lei

作者机构：

关键词： bacterial spores; nutrient germinants; high hydrostatic pressure; germination; molecular mechanisms

期刊名称：COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY （ 影响因子：14.8； 五年影响因子：17.1 ）

ISSN： 1541-4337

年卷期： 2023 年 22 卷 4 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Bacterial spores are highly resilient and universally present on earth and can irreversibly enter the food chain to cause food spoilage or foodborne illness once revived to resume vegetative growth. Traditionally, extensive thermal processing has been employed to efficiently kill spores; however, the relatively high thermal load adversely affects food quality attributes. In recent years, the germination-inactivation strategy has been developed to mildly kill spores based on the circumstance that germination can decrease spore-resilient properties. However, the failure to induce all spores to geminate, mainly owing to the heterogeneous germination behavior of spores, hampers the success of applying this strategy in the food industry. Undoubtedly, elucidating the detailed germination pathway and underlying mechanism can fill the gap in our understanding of germination heterogeneity, thereby facilitating the development of full-scale germination regimes to mildly kill spores. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the mechanisms of spore germination of Bacillus and Clostridium species, and update the molecular basis of the early germination events, for example, the activation of germination receptors, ion release, Ca-DPA release, and molecular events, combined with the latest research evidence. Moreover, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), an advanced non-thermal food processing technology, can also trigger spore germination, providing a basis for the application of a germination-inactivation strategy in HHP processing. Here, we also summarize the diverse germination behaviors and mechanisms of spores of Bacillus and Clostridium species under HHP, with the aim of facilitating HHP as a mild processing technology with possible applications in food sterilization.

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