Late Quaternary dynamics of Arctic biota from ancient environmental genomics

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Wang, Yucheng

作者： Wang, Yucheng;De Sanctis, Bianca;Prohaska, Ana;Money, Daniel;Willerslev, Eske;Wang, Yucheng;Pedersen, Mikkel Winther;Racimo, Fernando;Fernandez-Guerra, Antonio;Rouillard, Alexandra;Ruter, Anthony H.;McColl, Hugh;Larsen, Nicolaj Krog;Haile, James;Vinner, Lasse;Korneliussen, Thorfinn Sand;Cao, Jialu;Wincker, Patrick;Meltzer, David J.;Kjaer, Kurt H.;Willerslev, Eske;Alsos, Inger Greve;Coissac, Eric;Merkel, Marie Kristine Foreid;Lammers, Youri;Gusarova, Galina;De Sanctis, Bianca;Durbin, Richard;Coissac, Eric;Owens, Hannah Lois;Rahbek, Carsten;Nogues, David Bravo;Rouillard, Alexandra;Alberti, Adriana;Alberti, Adriana;Denoeud, France;Cherezova, Anna A.;Fedorov, Grigory B.;Cherezova, Anna A.;Fedorov, Grigory B.;Edwards, Mary E.;Edwards, Mary E.;Orlando, Ludovic;Korneliussen, Thorfinn Sand;Beilman, David W.;Bjork, Anders A.;Esdale, Julie;Gusarova, Galina;Kjeldsen, Kristian K.;Mangerud, Jan;Svendsen, John Inge;Mangerud, Jan;Svendsen, John Inge;Rasic, Jeffrey T.;Tikhonov, Alexei;Xing, Yingchun;Zhang, Yubin;Froese, Duane G.;Holden, Philip B.;Edwards, Neil R.;Meltzer, David J.;Moller, Per;Willerslev, Eske;Willerslev, Eske

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期刊名称：NATURE （ 影响因子：49.962； 五年影响因子：54.637 ）

ISSN： 0028-0836

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： A large-scale metagenomic analysis of plant and mammal environmental DNA reveals complex ecological changes across the circumpolar region over the past 50,000 years, as biota responded to changing climates, culminating in the postglacial extinction of large mammals and emergence of modern ecosystems. During the last glacial-interglacial cycle, Arctic biotas experienced substantial climatic changes, yet the nature, extent and rate of their responses are not fully understood(1-8). Here we report a large-scale environmental DNA metagenomic study of ancient plant and mammal communities, analysing 535 permafrost and lake sediment samples from across the Arctic spanning the past 50,000 years. Furthermore, we present 1,541 contemporary plant genome assemblies that were generated as reference sequences. Our study provides several insights into the long-term dynamics of the Arctic biota at the circumpolar and regional scales. Our key findings include: (1) a relatively homogeneous steppe-tundra flora dominated the Arctic during the Last Glacial Maximum, followed by regional divergence of vegetation during the Holocene epoch; (2) certain grazing animals consistently co-occurred in space and time; (3) humans appear to have been a minor factor in driving animal distributions; (4) higher effective precipitation, as well as an increase in the proportion of wetland plants, show negative effects on animal diversity; (5) the persistence of the steppe-tundra vegetation in northern Siberia enabled the late survival of several now-extinct megafauna species, including the woolly mammoth until 3.9 +/- 0.2 thousand years ago (ka) and the woolly rhinoceros until 9.8 +/- 0.2 ka; and (6) phylogenetic analysis of mammoth environmental DNA reveals a previously unsampled mitochondrial lineage. Our findings highlight the power of ancient environmental metagenomics analyses to advance understanding of population histories and long-term ecological dynamics.

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