Metabolic responses of small yellow croaker ( Larimichthys polyactis) liver to hypoxic stress: Insights into glucose and lipid metabolism

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Wang, Li

作者： Wang, Li;Wang, Jingqian;Liu, Yang;Chen, Yiner;Zhu, Junquan;Liu, Feng;Lou, Bao

作者机构：

关键词： Hypoxic stress; Larimichthys polyactis; Glucose metabolism; Lipid metabolism; Untargeted metabolomics

期刊名称：AQUACULTURE （ 影响因子：3.9； 五年影响因子：4.4 ）

ISSN： 0044-8486

年卷期： 2025 年 598 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Hypoxia negatively affect metabolism, growth and development of fish. To explore the effects of hypoxic stress on energy metabolism in Larimichthys polyactis, we performed untargeted metabolomic analysis, biochemical assays, and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) to explore the dynamic changes in hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism under sustained 96 h hypoxic stress. The findings showed that after 6 h of hypoxia, starch and sucrose metabolism was significantly enriched, with potentially enhanced glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. After 96 h of hypoxia, steroid biosynthesis and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis were significantly enriched, with the potential for a significant increase in lipid decomposition. Additionally, in the first 24 h of hypoxia, the serum glucose, pyruvate, and lactate contents increased, whereas the activities of the aerobic respiratory enzymes pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in the liver decreased. The activities of the anaerobic glycolytic enzymes, hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), pyruvate kinase (PK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as the glucose metabolism-related genes, glut1, hk2, pfkp, ldha, and mct4 mRNA levels in the liver increased. After 24 h of hypoxia, liver aerobic respiratory enzyme activity increased, whereas anaerobic glycolytic enzyme activity and gene expression levels decreased. At the same time, serum triglyceride (TG) levels decreased while free fatty acid (FFA) levels increased. Lipase (LPS) activity and lipid degradation-related genes hsl and mgl mRNA levels in the liver also increased. Conversely, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) activity and fatty acid synthesis-related genes acc1 and fasn mRNA levels decreased. Fatty acid oxidation enzyme-related gene cpt-1 mRNA level also decreased. These results indicate that during the early phase of hypoxia (in the first 24 h), aerobic respiration was inhibited, anaerobic glycolysis became the primary energy source. As the duration of hypoxia increased (after 24 h), anaerobic glycolysis decreased, lipid metabolism became an important energy pathway. Our study revealed the effects of different durations of hypoxic stress on glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver of L. polyactis, helping to elucidate metabolic adaptation mechanisms in fish under hypoxic conditions and providing theoretical guidance for screening and breeding new varieties of hypoxia-tolerant fish.

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