Phytosterols in hull-less pumpkin seed oil, rich in Delta(7)-phytosterols, ameliorate benign prostatic hyperplasia by lowing 5 alpha-reductase and regulating balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis in rats

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Kang, Xin-cong

作者： Kang, Xin-cong;Chen, Tian;Zhou, Jia-li;Shen, Peng-yuan;Dai, Si-hui;Zhang, Jia-yin;Xiong, Xing-yao;Liu, Dong-bo;Kang, Xin-cong;Zhang, Jia-yin;Xiong, Xing-yao;Liu, Dong-bo;Kang, Xin-cong;Zhang, Jia-yin;Liu, Dong-bo;Kang, Xin-cong;Liu, Dong-bo;Gao, Chang-qing;Xiong, Xing-yao

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关键词： lower urinary tract symptoms; 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor; MAPK pathway; apoptosis; proliferation; phytochemicals; Curcurbita pepo

期刊名称：FOOD & NUTRITION RESEARCH （ 影响因子：3.221； 五年影响因子：4.739 ）

ISSN： 1654-6628

年卷期： 2021 年 65 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Background: Pumpkin seed oil is widely used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a common disease in elder men. However, its active components and mechanism have remained to be elucidated. Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate the active components of pumpkin seed oil and its mechanism against BPH. Design: Total phytosterol (TPS) was isolated from hull-less pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L. var. Styriaca) seed oil and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Three phytosterols were purified by preparative HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) and confirmed by NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). TPS (3.3 mg/kg body weight, 1 mL/day/rat) was administered intragastrically to the testosterone propionate-induced BPH rats for 4 weeks. The structure changes of prostate tissues were assessed by hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining. The expression of androgen receptor (AR) and steroid receptor coactivator 1 (SRC-1) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, while that of 5 alpha-reductase (5AR), apoptosis, or proliferation-related growth factors/proteins was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction or western blotting. Results: The Delta(7)-phytosterols in TPS reached up to 87.64%. Among them, 240-ethylcholesta-7,22,25-trienol, 240-ethylcholesta-7,25(27)-dien-3-ol, and Delta(7)-avenasterol were confirmed by NMR. TPS treatment significantly ameliorated the pathological prostate enlargement and restored histopathological alterations of prostate in BPH rats. It effectively suppressed the expressions of 5AR, AR, and coactivator SRC-1. TPS inhibited the expression of proliferation-related growth factor epidermal growth factor, whereas it increased the expressions of apoptosis-related growth factor/gene transforming growth factor -01. The proliferation-inhibiting effect was achieved by decreasing the ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) phosphorylation, while apoptosis was induced by Caspase 3 activation through JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and p38 phosphorylation. Conclusion: TPS from hull-less pumpkin seed oil, with Delta(7)-phytosterols as its main ingredients, is a potential nutraceutical for BPH prevention.

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