Altered metabolic state impedes limb regeneration in salamanders

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Peng, Zhe-Lun

作者： Peng, Zhe-Lun;Yin, Bin-Xu;Ren, Rui-Min;Liao, Yin-Long;Cai, Hao;Wang, Heng;Peng, Zhe-Lun;Wang, Heng;Peng, Zhe-Lun;Wang, Heng

作者机构：

关键词： Starvation; Stress; Autophagy; Regeneration; Salamander

期刊名称：ZOOLOGICAL RESEARCH （ 影响因子：6.975； 五年影响因子：4.811 ）

ISSN： 2095-8137

年卷期： 2021 年 42 卷 6 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Salamanders are unique among tetrapods in their ability to regenerate the limbs throughout life. Like other poikilothermic amphibians, salamanders also show a remarkable capacity to survive long periods of starvation. Whether the physiological reserves necessary for tissue regeneration are preserved or sacrificed in starved salamanders is unknown. In the current study, we maintained Iberian ribbed newts (Pleurodeles waltl) under extreme physiological stress to assess the extent of regeneration and identify the molecular and cellular changes that may occur under such conditions. After 19 months of complete food deprivation, the animals exhibited extensive morphological and physiological adaptations but remained behaviorally active and vigilant. Autophagy was elevated in different tissues and the transformed gut microbiota indicated remodeling of the intestinal tract related to autophagy. Upon limb amputation in animals starved for 21 months, regeneration proceeded with progenitor cell proliferation and migration, leading to limb blastema formation. However, limb outgrowth and patterning were substantially attenuated. Blockage of autophagy inhibited cell proliferation and blastema formation in starved animals, but not in fed animals. Hence, tissue autophagy and the regenerative response were tightly coupled only when animals were under stress. Our results demonstrate that under adverse conditions, salamanders can exploit alternative strategies to secure blastema formation for limb regeneration.

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