Hydrochar prepared from different sources of kitchen waste for paddy soil application: Closing the gap between resource recycling and gaseous nitrogen reduction

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Xu, Yongji

作者： Xu, Yongji;Ma, Jinfeng;Zhang, Yijia;Ji, Yang;Feng, Zhaozhong;Feng, Yanfang;Wang, Lisha

作者机构：

关键词： Hydrothermal carbonization; Kitchen waste; N2O emission; Dissolved organic matter; Soil microorganisms

期刊名称：SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH （ 影响因子：6.8； 五年影响因子：7.8 ）

ISSN： 0167-1987

年卷期： 2025 年 254 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is recognized as an effective technology for recycling kitchen waste (KW) resources. Our previous study demonstrated that KW hydrochar can serve as a biological, slow-release fertilizer in agricultural production. Yet the specific effects of these carbonization products on NH3 volatilization and N2O emissions in agricultural ecosystems remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted a paddy soil column experiment using four types of KW hydrochars-cellulose-based (CL), skeleton-based (SK), protein-based (PT), and starch-based (ST)-applied at a hydrochar-to-soil mass ratio of 0.5 % (low addition) and 1 % (high addition). The results showed that, compared with conventional fertilization treatment (CKU), low-addition hydrochar treatments showed significantly decreased cumulative NH3 volatilization during the rice-growing season by 9.9 %-32.2 %, whereas the high-addition hydrochar generally had the opposite effect, except in SK treatments. The SK and ST hydrochars did not significantly affect N2O emission compared with CKU, while most PT and CL hydrochars significantly increased N2O emissions by 5.4 %-634.0 %. Hydrochar amendments also increased the 1000-grain rice weight by 6.4 %-11.7 %, except under high-addition PT and CL treatments. The reduction in NH3 volatilization by KW hydrochars was primarily attributed to their ability to lower paddy floodwater pH values and enhance the biodegradability of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM), exerting a binding effect on NH4+-N concentrations. In contrast, hydrochar effects on N2O emissions were mainly linked to changes in the abundance of AOA, AOB, nirS genes, as well as shifts in soil bacterial community structure. Specifically, the high-addition CL hydrochar significantly decreased AOA gene abundance, while PT hydrochar significantly increased nirS gene abundance and enhanced microbial denitrification metabolism pathways. Overall, this study indicates that KW hydrochars with stable DOM and low pH, applied at low rates, should be prioritized to promote effective recycling of KW resources while mitigating gaseous nitrogen losses and maintaining rice yields in paddy fields.

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