Converting Biochar Into Biochar-Based Urea Promotes Environmental and Economic Sustainability in Rice-Wheat Rotation System

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Gong, Xueliu

作者： Gong, Xueliu;Shi, Wei;Wu, Jiarong;Qin, Jingsong;Zheng, Jufeng;Cheng, Kun;Joseph, Stephen;Bian, Rongjun;Li, Lianqing;Pan, Genxing;Gong, Xueliu;Shi, Wei;Wu, Jiarong;Qin, Jingsong;Zheng, Jufeng;Cheng, Kun;Joseph, Stephen;Bian, Rongjun;Li, Lianqing;Pan, Genxing;Gong, Xueliu;Wu, Jiarong;Qin, Jingsong;Zheng, Jufeng;Cheng, Kun;Bian, Rongjun;Li, Lianqing;Shi, Wei;Huang, Wang;Feng, Yanfang;Huang, Wang;Sun, Haijun;Joseph, Stephen;Chen, Junhui

作者机构：

关键词： biochar-based urea; environmental sustainability; greenhouse gases; NH3 volatilization; nitrogen use efficiency; rice-wheat rotation; soil aggregation

期刊名称：GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY （ 影响因子：4.1； 五年影响因子：5.5 ）

ISSN： 1757-1693

年卷期： 2025 年 17 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Biochar amendments in rice-wheat systems are sustainable for reducing GHGs (greenhouse gases) and improving soil health but the widespread adoption of biochar faces economic challenges. To address limitation, a novel biochar-based urea was formulated for environmental and cost advantages. A pot experiment within a rice-wheat rotation was conducted to evaluate comparative effects of biochar-based urea (CKBU), biochar + urea (BCU), and biochar-based urea + biochar (BCBU) over conventional mineral fertilizer (CKU) on soil ammonia (NH3) volatilization, GHG emissions, soil structure, and crop productivity. Furthermore, fertilizer N fate was tracked using the N-15 isotope during wheat season. The results indicated that compared to CKU, CKBU, BCU, and BCBU treatments significantly mitigated NH3 volatilization by 22%-31% during the rice season, and a 19% reduction was observed under the BCBU treatment during the wheat season due to the response of N-cycling microorganisms. Regarding GHG emissions, the CKBU, BCU, and BCBU treatments significantly decreased the global warming potential (GWP) value by 49%-55% during the rice season and by 26%-45% during the wheat season, compared to CKU. Additionally, CKBU enhanced N-15 use efficiency by 29% during wheat season, without affecting the rice season. The economic performance indicated that applying BU alone offered a net economic benefit, whereas biochar amendment led to a net economic loss. However, biochar amendment improved SOC and aggregation structure, with a significant increase in macroaggregate distribution over 50% compared to CKU and CKBU. Therefore, BU with small portions of biochar can be as effective in reducing NH3 emissions and mitigating GHG emissions as the use of a large quantity of biochar. Additionally, the BCBU did not show additional synergistic benefits regarding emission reduction or yield enhancement. Therefore, shifting biochar to BU could be a cost-effective approach to achieving sustainable productivity in rice-wheat crop rotation systems.

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