Enhanced efficacy of Magnolia denudata essential oil in fish anesthesia using nanoemulsions and self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Zeng, Xiangbing

作者： Zeng, Xiangbing;Dong, Hongbiao;Zheng, Xiaoting;Zhang, Jiasong;Zeng, Xiangbing;Dong, Hongbiao;Zheng, Xiaoting;Zhang, Jiasong

作者机构：

关键词： anesthetic; essential oil; fish; nanoemulsion; physiological effect

期刊名称：FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE （ 影响因子：2.9； 五年影响因子：3.3 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2024 年 11 卷

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Introduction The use of plant essential oils as anesthetics for fish has gained increasing attention, but ethanol, often used as a co-solvent, presents certain limitations. Recently, Magnolia denudata essential oil (MDO) has emerged as a promising alternative for fish anesthesia and sedation.Methods and results To further improve MDO anesthesia efficacy, this study developed nanoemulsion (NE) and self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) formulations of MDO. Transmission electron microscopy and stability tests confirmed that both NE and SMEDDS possess smaller particle sizes and are stable under various temperature conditions. Anesthetic trials on fish demonstrated that these formulations reduced the time needed to induce anesthesia compared with the non-formulations. Additionally, physiological assessments of the fish gills showed that neither NE nor SMEDDS caused irreversible damage to respiratory function.Discussion Overall, NE and SMEDDS present a safe and effective delivery system for MDO, enhancing its anesthetic properties while minimizing potential harm to aquatic organisms compared to traditional methods.

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