Comparison of four characteristic carotenoids (lutein, β-carotene, lycopene, and astaxanthin) in alleviating DSS-induced colitis through gut microbiota regulation

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Dong, Yangyang

作者： Dong, Yangyang;Ni, Qianjin;Zhang, Zhi;Yu, Zhaoqing;Feng, Lei;Xu, Yayuan;Li, Dajing;Dai, Zhuqing;Dong, Yangyang;Zhou, Cunshan;Lian, Yunhe

作者机构：

期刊名称：FOOD & FUNCTION （ 影响因子：5.4； 五年影响因子：6.1 ）

ISSN： 2042-6496

年卷期： 2025 年 16 卷 15 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Carotenoids, particularly lutein, beta-carotene, lycopene, and astaxanthin, possess established anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Although these compounds are known to interact with the gut microbiota and ameliorate microbial dysbiosis, their structure-activity relationships in colitis alleviation remain poorly understood. Using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model, we made a systematic comparison of these four structurally distinct carotenoids. All treatments markedly improved colitis-associated clinical symptoms, including weight loss, colon shortening, bloody stool, and histological damage. Notably, the fecal heme content decreased by 55.00%, 69.44%, 60.22%, and 62.24% in the lutein, beta-carotene, lycopene, and astaxanthin groups by the endpoint of DSS exposure, respectively. The intervention with carotenoids significantly reduced pro-inflammatory markers while upregulating intestinal tight junction proteins and short-chain fatty acid receptor expression. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed consistent suppression of Bilophila and Mucispirillum across all groups, with structure-dependent microbiota modulation: lutein enriched Rikenellaceae, beta-carotene enhanced Bifidobacteriaceae, lycopene preferentially increased Lactobacillaceae, and astaxanthin elevated Akkermansiaceae (in terms of relative abundance). These findings demonstrate that carotenoids alleviate ulcerative colitis through combined anti-inflammatory, barrier-protective, and microbiota-modulating effects, with carotenes exhibiting superior microbiota modulation compared to xanthophylls.

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