Mitigating waterlogging-induced yield loss in cotton through removal of early fruits: Agronomic and physiological mechanisms

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Zhang, Yanjun

作者： Zhang, Yanjun;Qiu, Shen;Liang, Tiantian;Xu, Shizhen;Li, Zhenhuai;Cui, Zhengpeng;Zhan, Lijie;Zhang, Dongmei;Nie, Junjun;Sun, Lin;Dai, Jianlong;Dong, Hezhong;Zhang, Yanjun;Qiu, Shen;Dong, Hezhong;Dong, Hezhong;Dong, Hezhong

作者机构：

关键词： Flooding; Pruning; Leaf senescence; Compensatory growth; Photosynthesis

期刊名称：FIELD CROPS RESEARCH （ 影响因子：6.4； 五年影响因子：6.6 ）

ISSN： 0378-4290

年卷期： 2025 年 331 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Context: Waterlogging is an environmental stress that significantly impairs cotton productivity by disrupting key physiological processes and accelerating leaf senescence. Removal of early fruits (squares, flowers and bolls) has been identified as a potential agronomic practice to enhance compensatory growth and delay senescence in cotton. However, it remains unclear whether this practice can be employed to mediate waterlogging stress. We hypothesized that early fruit removal could reduce waterlogging-induced yield loss in cotton by promoting compensatory growth and delaying leaf senescence. Method: Field experiments were conducted over two years (2022 and 2023), in which cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants at early flowering were subjected to a 10-day waterlogging stress treatment, with and without removal of ten early fruits from basal fruiting branches. Key physiological, biochemical, and agronomic parameters were measured, including yield components, plant biomass, leaf area, photosynthetic rates, oxidative stress markers, hormonal concentrations, and root activity. Results: Waterlogging significantly reduced seedcotton yield, boll density, and biological yield. However, early fruit form removal resulted in a 15.7 % increase in seedcotton yield, reducing the yield loss by 25.0 %. This practice mitigated reductions in leaf area and plant biomass, while enhancing compensatory growth through increased canopy apparent photosynthesis (CAP) and net photosynthesis (Pn) post-waterlogging. Additionally, early fruit removal reduced oxidative stress as evidenced by lower malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, promoted hormonal rebalancing as indicated by decreased abscisic acid (ABA) and increased indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) concentrations, and delayed late-season leaf senescence by maintaining chlorophyll content and photosynthetic capacity. Furthermore, root vigor was enhanced, further contributing to the delay in leaf senescence. This practice also shifted boll distribution toward mid-season, further enhancing boll density and yield resilience. Structural equation models (SEMs) revealed significant positive correlations between the yield loss reduction and factors such as compensatory growth, and delayed leaf senescence. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that early fruit removal alleviates waterlogging stress in cotton by promoting compensatory growth and delaying leaf senescence, offering a practical agronomic strategy for reducing yield loss in waterlogging-prone regions.

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