African lungfish genome sheds light on the vertebrate water-to-land transition

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Wang, Kun

作者： Wang, Kun;Zhu, Chenglong;Ren, Yandong;Xu, Wenjie;Feng, Chenguang;Yuan, Yuan;Li, Yongxin;Qiu, Qiang;Wang, Jun;Wang, Jun;Zhu, Chenglong;Ren, Yandong;Zhao, Ruoping;Zhang, Guojie;Wang, Wen;Yang, Liandong;Jiang, Haifeng;Gan, Xiaoni;Zeng, Honghui;He, Shunping;Ruan, Jue;Fan, Guangyi;Song, Yue;Liu, Qun;Zhang, Yaolei;Hao, Shijie;Zhang, He;Liu, Xin;Fan, Guangyi;Bi, Xupeng;Xu, Xun;Zhang, Guojie;Hu, Jiang;Wang, Depeng;Zhu, Youan;Zhu, Min;Chen, Huatao;Ma, Tiantian;Zhang, Bin;Zhao, Wenming;Zhang, Bin;Zhao, Wenming;Shao, Feng;Zhang, Guojie;He, Shunping;Wang, Wen;Zhang, Guojie;He, Shunping;Wang, Wen

作者机构：

期刊名称：CELL （ 影响因子：38.637； 五年影响因子：38.62 ）

ISSN： 0092-8674

年卷期： 2021 年 184 卷 5 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Lungfishes are the closest extant relatives of tetrapods and preserve ancestral traits linked with the water-to-land transition. However, their huge genome sizes have hindered understanding of this key transition in evolution. Here, we report a 40-Gb chromosome-level assembly of the African lungfish (Protopterus annectens) genome, which is the largest genome assembly ever reported and has a contig and chromosome N50 of 1.60 Mb and 2.81 Gb, respectively. The large size of the lungfish genome is due mainly to retrotransposons. Genes with ultra-long length show similar expression levels to other genes, indicating that lungfishes have evolved high transcription efficacy to keep gene expression balanced. Together with transcriptomeand experimental data, we identified potential genes and regulatory elements related to such terrestrial adaptation traits as pulmonary surfactant, anxiolytic ability, pentadactyl limbs, and pharyngeal remodeling. Our results provide insights and key resources for understanding the evolutionary pathway leading from fishes to humans.

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