Acute Toxicity, Bioaccumulation and Elimination Rate of Deltamethrin and Cypermethrin in Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus)

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Jiang, Zhongquan

作者： Jiang, Zhongquan;Ji, Yunyun;Xie, Xinyi;Yang, Guangxin;Kong, Cong;Shen, Xiaosheng;Jiang, Zhongquan;Xing, Ruikai

作者机构：

关键词： deltamethrin; cypermethrin; acute toxicity; bioaccumulation; elimination; Carassius auratus

期刊名称：BIOLOGY-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.5； 五年影响因子：4.0 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2025 年 14 卷 4 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Simple Summary: This study examined how two common pesticides used in fish farming-deltamethrin and cypermethrin-affect crucian carp. These chemicals effectively kill pests but may pose risks to food safety. We tested how toxic these pesticides are to fish and where they build up in their bodies. Results showed that deltamethrin was more toxic than cypermethrin, with lethal concentrations (96-h exposure) of 10.43 ng/mL and 3.95 ng/mL, respectively. When exposed to lower, non-lethal doses for 8 days, deltamethrin accumulated most in the liver, while cypermethrin built up primarily in muscle. After moving fish to clean water, low doses were eliminated faster than high doses. The liver and muscle showed the highest capacity to concentrate these pesticides. Importantly, most pesticide residues were removed from fish tissues within 24 h of clean water exposure. These findings help fish farmers use the pesticides more safely, reducing risks to aquatic life and ensuring safer seafood for consumers in China. Pyrethroid pesticides like deltamethrin and cypermethrin are widely used in aquaculture, yet their food safety implications remain understudied. This research investigated their acute toxicity, tissue-specific bioaccumulation, and elimination patterns in crucian carp (Carassius auratus). Acute toxicity tests determined 96 h LC50 values of 9.68 similar to 11.22 ng.mL(-1) (deltamethrin) and 3.12 similar to 5.01 ng.mL(-1) (cypermethrin) with 95% confidence intervals. During 8-day exposures to sublethal concentrations (1/10 and 1/100 of LC50), deltamethrin accumulated predominantly in the liver (peak: 21.98 ng.g(-1) at 1.04 ng.mL(-1), standard deviation is 0.064 ng.mL(-1)), whereas cypermethrin concentrated in muscle (peak: 9.76 ng.g(-1) at 0.40 ng.mL(-1), standard deviation is 0.138 ng.mL(-1)). A 7-day elimination phase revealed faster clearance of low-concentration residues, with >50% removal within 24 h in all tissues. Bioconcentration factors were highest in the liver (36.62 for deltamethrin) and muscle (45.17 for cypermethrin). These results highlight tissue-specific accumulation risks and rapid initial elimination, providing critical data to optimize pesticide-dosing protocols, mitigate ecotoxicological threats, and enhance food safety in aquaculture systems.

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