Prevalence Study of Trichomonas gallinae in Domestic Pigeons in Northeastern Beijing and Experimental Model of Trichomoniasis in White King Squabs Measuring In Situ Apoptosis and Immune Factors in Crop and Esophagus

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Ni, Aixin

作者： Ni, Aixin;Li, Yunlei;Isa, Adamu Mani;Wang, Panlin;Shi, Lei;Fan, Jing;Ge, Pingzhuang;Jiang, Linlin;Sun, Yanyan;Ma, Hui;Chen, Jilan

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关键词： Trichomonas gallinae; pigeon; infection; immune-related factors; apoptosis

期刊名称：ANIMALS （ 影响因子：2.7； 五年影响因子：3.0 ）

ISSN： 2076-2615

年卷期： 2024 年 14 卷 13 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Avian trichomonosis is a serious disease in pigeon production caused by Trichomonas gallinae. Previous research has described its morphology, epidemiology, diagnostic treatment and pathology, but there are only a few studies on the level of in situ apoptosis and immune factors in experimentally infected squabs. The prevalence of Trichomonas gallinae in five breeds ranged from 27.13% (White Carneau) to 43.14% (White King) in domestic pigeons in northeastern Beijing. By conducting an experimental model of trichomoniasis in White King squabs, measuring in situ apoptosis and immune factors in the crop and esophagus, we found that Trichomonas gallinae infection may lead to high mortality, trigger apoptosis and modulate immune-related factor expression in the crop and esophagus of pigeons. Trichomonas gallinae (T. gallinae) is a flagellated protozoan and the causative agent of trichomoniasis, or canker, in birds. In the current study, the prevalence of T. gallinae was firstly investigated in five breeds. According to the results of the prevalence study, White King pigeons were selected as the experimental animals. A total of 135 White King squabs at one day of age were randomly divided into two groups and raised in separate isolators. The challenged group (N = 100) was challenged intranasally with 5 x 10(6) parasites/mL of the T. gallinae strain, and the control group (N = 35) was intranasally administered medium of equivalent volume. At 1, 2, 3 and 5 days post infection (DPIs), the crops and esophagi were collected for RNA extraction and formaldehyde fixation. The results showed that prevalence of T. gallinae in the five breeds ranged from 27.13% (White Carneau) to 43.14% (White King). After the challenge, mild microscopic lesions were observed in both tissues. Apoptosis rates were higher in the challenged group than in the control group at 2 and 5 DPIs in the crop and at 1, 2 and 7 DPIs in the esophagus. For both tissues, relative expression of IL-1 beta increased dramatically at the beginning and decreased at 5 DPIs, and TGF-beta increased stably in the challenged group.

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