Different Sources of Copper Effect on Intestinal Epithelial Cell: Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Metabolism

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Li, Runxian

作者： Li, Runxian;Wen, Yang;Meng, Chengzhen;He, Pingli;Wang, Fenglai;Lin, Gang

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关键词： copper; cytotoxicity; bioavailability; oxidative stress; intestinal epithelial cell

期刊名称：METABOLITES （ 影响因子：4.932； 五年影响因子：4.98 ）

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年卷期： 2020 年 10 卷 1 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Copper (Cu) is widely used in the swine industry to improve the growth performance of pigs. However, high doses of copper will induce cell damage and toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate toxicity, bioavailability, and effects on metabolic processes of varying copper sources using porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) as a model. The IPEC-J2 were treated with two doses (30 and 120 mu M) of CuSO4, Cu Glycine (Cu-Gly), and Cu proteinate (Cu-Pro) for 10 h, respectively. Cell damage and cellular copper metabolism were measured by the changes in cell viability, copper uptake, oxidative stress biomarkers, and gene/protein expression levels. The results showed that cell viability and ratio of reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) decreased significantly in all treatment groups; intracellular copper content increased significantly in all treatment groups; total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased significantly in the 120 mu M exposed groups; SOD1 protein expression levels were significantly upregulated in 30 mu M Cu-Pro, 120 mu M Cu-Gly, and 120 mu M Cu-Pro treatment groups; intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased significantly in 30 mu M treatment groups and 120 mu M CuSO4 treatment group. CTR1 and ATP7A gene expression were significantly downregulated in the 120 mu M exposed groups. While upregulation of ATOX1 expression was observed in the presence of 120 mu M Cu-Gly and Cu-Pro. ASCT2 gene expression was significantly upregulated after 120 mu M Cu-Glycine and CuSO4 exposure, and PepT1 gene expression was significantly upregulated after Cu-Pro exposure. In addition, CTR1 protein expression level decreased after 120 mu M CuSO4 and Cu-Gly exposure. PepT1 protein expression level was only upregulated after 120 mu M Cu-Pro exposure. These findings indicated that extra copper supplementation can induce intestinal epithelial cell injury, and different forms of copper may have differing effects on cell metabolism.

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