Combined metabolomic and microbial community analyses reveal that biochar and organic manure alter soil C-N metabolism and greenhouse gas emissions

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Xiao, Wendan

作者： Xiao, Wendan;Zhang, Qi;Zhao, Shouping;Chen, De;Zhao, Zhen;Gao, Na;Huang, Miaojie;Ye, Xuezhu

作者机构：

关键词： Biochar; Organic manure; Greenhouse gas emissions; Microbial communities; Functional genes; Soil metabolomics

期刊名称：ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL （ 影响因子：9.7； 五年影响因子：11.6 ）

ISSN： 0160-4120

年卷期： 2024 年 192 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The use of biochar to reduce the gas emissions from paddy soils is a promising approach. However, the manner in which biochar and soil microbial communities interact to affect CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions is not clearly understood, particularly when compared with other amendments. In this study, high-throughput sequencing, soil metabolomics, and quantitative real-time PCR were utilized to compare the effects of biochar (BC) and organic manure (OM) on soil microbial community structure, metabolomic profiles and functional genes, and ultimately CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions. Results indicated that BC and OM had opposite effects on soil CO2 and N2O emissions, with BC resulting in lower emissions and OM resulting in higher emissions, whereas BC, OM, and their combined amendments increased cumulative CH4 emissions by 19.5 %, 31.6 %, and 49.1 %, respectively. BC amendment increased the abundance of methanogens (Methanobacterium and Methanocella) and denitrifying bacteria (Anaerolinea and Gemmatimonas), resulting in an increase in the abundance of mcrA, amoA, amoB, and nosZ genes and the secretion of a flavonoid (chrysosplenetin), which caused the generation of CH4 and the reduction of N2O to N-2, thereby accelerating CH4 emissions while reducing N2O emissions. Simultaneously, OM amendment increased the abundance of the methanogen Caldicoprobacter and denitrifying Acinetobacter, resulting in increased abundance of mcrA, amoA, amoB, nirK, and nirS genes and the catabolism of carbohydrates [maltotriose, D-(+)-melezitose, D-(+)-cellobiose, and maltotetraose], thereby enhancing CH4 and N2O emissions. Moreover, puerarin produced by Bacillus metabolism may contribute to the reduction in CO2 emissions by BC amendment, but increase in CO2 emissions by OM amendment. These findings reveal how BC and OM affect greenhouse gas emissions by modulating soil microbial communities, functional genes, and metabolomic profiles.

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