Effects of warm-season feeding on yak growth, antioxidant capacity, immune function, and fecal microbiota

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Xie, Yining

作者： Xie, Yining;Cidan, Yangji;Cisang, Zhuoma;Gusang, Deji;Danzeng, Quzha;Basang, Wangdui;Zhu, Yanbin;Xie, Yining

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关键词： yak; feeding pattern; immune function; fecal microbiota

期刊名称：MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM （ 影响因子：3.8； 五年影响因子：4.1 ）

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年卷期： 2025 年 13 卷 8 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： The yak (Bos grunniens) is of great importance to the local ecosystem and animal husbandry on the Tibetan Plateau. However, the impacts of different feeding practices on yak growth, health, and ecosystem interactions are not fully understood. This study investigates the effects of warm-season grazing and housing-feeding on yak growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune function, metabolome, and fecal microbiota. The study found that grazing significantly increased the final body weight and average daily gain of yak (P < 0.05), reduced serum globulin and urea nitrogen levels, and elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. Grazing enhanced serum total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). It also increased levels of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma). Meanwhile, grazing decreased levels of IL-4 and IL-10. Additionally, grazing significantly altered the plasma metabolite profile, particularly in bile acid metabolism pathways. The relative abundance of beneficial microbial genera (e.g., Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Monoglobus, Romboutsia) in the feces of grazing yak was significantly higher, while total short-chain fatty acids were lower than in penned yak. Grazing improved growth performance and nutritional metabolism efficiency, enhanced antioxidant and immune functions, and optimized the structure of the gut microbiota in yak. These findings indicate that grazing can better utilize natural forage resources to promote yak health and improve production performance. IMPORTANCEThis study investigates how different feeding patterns-grazing versus housing-feeding-affect the health, growth, and microbiome of yaks in the warm season. Yaks are vital to the Tibetan Plateau's ecosystem and local livelihoods. Understanding how feeding practices impact their health can help optimize yak management, ensuring better welfare and productivity. Grazing yaks showed improved growth, enhanced antioxidant and immune functions, and a healthier gut microbiota compared to penned yaks. These findings highlight the importance of natural forage in promoting yak health and could guide sustainable yak husbandry practices, benefiting both the animals and the communities that rely on them.

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