Systemic and strict regulation of the glutathione redox state in mitochondria and cytosol is needed for zebrafish ontogeny

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Hamre, Kristin

作者： Hamre, Kristin;Zhang, Wuxiao;Austgulen, Maren Hoff;Mykkeltvedt, Eva;Yin, Peng;Berntssen, Marc;Espe, Marit;Berndt, Carsten;Zhang, Wuxiao;Hamre, Kristin;Berndt, Carsten;Berndt, Carsten;Yin, Peng

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关键词： roGFP probe; Zebrafish model; Embryonic development; Glutathione metabolism; PFOS

期刊名称：BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS （ 影响因子：3.0； 五年影响因子：3.4 ）

ISSN： 0304-4165

年卷期： 2024 年 1868 卷 6 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Background: Redox control seems to be indispensable for proper embryonic development. The ratio between glutathione (GSH) and its oxidized disulfide (GSSG) is the most abundant cellular redox circuit. Methods: We used zebrafish harboring the glutaredoxin 1-redox sensitive green fluorescent protein (Grx1-roGFP) probe either in mitochondria or cytosol to test the hypothesis that the GSH:GSSG ratio is strictly regulated through zebrafish embryogenesis to sustain the different developmental processes of the embryo. Results: Following the GSSG:GSH ratio as a proxy for the GSH-dependent reduction potential (EhGSH) revealed increasing mitochondrial and cytosolic EhGSH during cleavage and gastrulation. During organogenesis, cytosolic EhGSH decreased, while that of mitochondria remained high. The similarity between EhGSH in brain and muscle suggests a central regulation. Modulation of GSH metabolism had only modest effects on the GSSG:GSH ratios of newly hatched larvae. However, inhibition of GSH reductase directly after fertilization led to dead embryos already 10 h later. Exposure to the emerging environmental pollutant Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) disturbed the apparent regulated EhGSH as well. Conclusions: Mitochondrial and cytosolic GSSG:GSH ratios are almost identical in different organs during zebrafish development indicating that the EhGSH might follow H2O2 levels and rather indirectly affect specific enzymatic activities needed for proper embryogenesis. General significance: Our data confirm that vertebrate embryogenesis depends on strictly regulated redox homeostasis. Disturbance of the GSSG:GSH circuit, e.g. induced by environmental pollution, leads to malformation and death.

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