Biochar significantly reduced fumigant emissions and benefited germination and plant growth under field conditions

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Wang, Qiuxia

作者： Wang, Qiuxia;Cao, Aocheng;Wang, Qiuxia;Gao, Suduan;Wang, Dong

作者机构：

关键词： 1,3-Dichloropropene; Chloropicrin; Nematode control; Phytotoxicity; Soil residual fumigants

期刊名称：ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION （ 影响因子：9.988； 五年影响因子：10.366 ）

ISSN： 0269-7491

年卷期： 2022 年 303 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Soil fumigation continues to play an important role in soil disinfection, but tools to significantly reduce emissions while providing environmental benefits (e.g., biochar) are lacking. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of biochar products on fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) emissions, their distribution and persistence in soil, nematode control, and potential toxicity to plants in a field trial. Treatments included three biochar products [two derived from almond shells (ASB) at either 550 or 900 degrees C pyrolysis temperature and one from coconut shells (CSB) at 550 degrees C] at 30 and 60 t ha(-1), a surface covering with a low permeability film (TIF), and no surface covering (control). A mixture of 1,3-D (-65%) and CP (-35%) was injected to-60 cm soil depth at a combined rate of 640 kg ha(-1). All biochar treatments significantly reduced emissions by 38-100% compared to the control. The ASB (900 degrees C) at both rates reduced emissions as effectively as the TIF (by 99-100%). Both fumigant emission reduction and residue in surface soil were positively correlated with biochar's adsorption capacity while cucumber germination rate and dry biomass were negatively correlated with residual fumigant concentrations in surface soil. This research demonstrated the potential and benefits of using biochar produced from local orchard feedstocks to control fumigant emissions. Additional research is needed to maximize the benefits of biochar on fumigant emission reductions without impacting plant growth.

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