Genetic and Genomic Pathways to Improved Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Yields: A Review

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Chachar, Zaid

作者： Chachar, Zaid;Fan, Lina;Lai, Ruiqiang;Qi, Yongwen;Chachar, Zaid;Fan, Lina;Lai, Ruiqiang;Qi, Yongwen;Chachar, Sadaruddin;Ahmed, Nazir;Narejo, Mehar-un-Nisa;Ahmed, Naseer

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关键词： wheat genetics; yield; genes; QTLs; CRISPR/Cas9 and cas13 and multi-omics

期刊名称：AGRONOMY-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.3； 五年影响因子：3.7 ）

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年卷期： 2024 年 14 卷 6 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a fundamental crop essential for both human and animal consumption. Addressing the challenge of enhancing wheat yield involves sophisticated applications of molecular genetics and genomic techniques. This review synthesizes current research identifying and characterizing pivotal genes that impact traits such as grain size, number, and weight, critical factors influencing overall yield. Key genes including TaSPL17, ABP7, TaGNI, TaCKX6, TaGS5, TaDA1, WAPO1, TaRht1, TaTGW-7A, TaGW2, TaGS5-3A, TaSus2-2A, TaSus2-2B, TaSus1-7A, and TaSus1-7B are examined for their roles in these traits. The review also explores genes responsive to environmental changes, which are increasingly significant under current climate variability. Multi-trait regulatory genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that contribute to these traits are discussed, highlighting their dual influences on grain size and yield. Furthermore, the paper underscores the utility of emerging technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9, Case13, and multi-omics approaches. These innovations are instrumental for future discoveries and are poised to revolutionize wheat breeding by enabling precise genetic enhancements. Facing unprecedented challenges from climate change, the identification and utilization of these candidates is crucial. This review aims to be a comprehensive resource for researchers, providing an integrative understanding of complex traits in wheat and proposing new avenues for research and crop improvement strategies.

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