Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal phenolic metabolism regulated by melatonin in pear peel

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Yan, Shuai

作者： Yan, Shuai;Zhao, Liangliang;Zhao, Deying;Xu, Gongxun;Wang, Yufei;Cheng, Cungang;Yan, Shuai;Zhou, Zhiqin

作者机构：

关键词： 'Yuluxiang' pear; Melatonin; Phenolic substances; Anthocyanin; Lignin

期刊名称：CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN AGRICULTURE （ 影响因子：5.2； 五年影响因子：6.1 ）

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年卷期： 2025 年 12 卷 1 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： BackgroundMelatonin is a crucial regulator of fruit growth and development. However, the mechanisms by which pre-harvest application of melatonin regulates the metabolism of phenolic compounds in pear pericarp remain poorly understood.MethodsIn this study, the effect of pre-harvest spraying of melatonin on the synthesis of phenolics in pear peel and the regulatory mechanism were investigated using a multi-disciplinary approach, integrating physiological and biochemical, transcriptomic, and metabolic analyses, and the "Yuluxiang" pear as the test material.ResultsThe pre-harvest spraying of 100 mu M melatonin notably increased the single fruit weight, total soluble solids (TSS) and total soluble solids/titratable acid (TSS/TA) ratio. In addition, the spraying regimen elevated the concentrations of phenolic substances, including anthocyanosides, chlorogenic acid, and lignin, in the fruit peel. Three comparison groups (T0 vs. CK0, T1 vs. CK1, and T2 vs. CK2) showed 354, 1385, and 816 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 240, 411, and 210 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs), respectively. Transcriptome results from melatonin treatment significantly affected the key metabolic pathways, including signal transduction, hormone regulation, glucose metabolism, secondary metabolites biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis. Melatonin treatment also influenced the expression of key genes in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, such as PAL, C4H, 4CL, CAD, CHS, UFGT, POD, and others. Metabolomic data suggested the melatonin treatment notably stimulated the biosynthesis of l-phenylalanine, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, leucocyanidin and uridine 5'-diphospho-d-glucose than control. By examining the expression patterns of transcription factors, we identified 12 transcription factors (TFs), including PbrMYB4, PbrMYB36-like, PbrMYB14, PbrREF4 and PbrNAC6-like, as potential key TFs involved in melatonin-regulated polyphenol biosynthesis.ConclusionsThe pre-harvest application of 100 mu M melatonin can help improve the visual and flavor quality of pear fruits. It can influence the key enzyme genes' expression of phenolic metabolism while stimulating the production of l-phenylalanine, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, leucocyanidin and uridine 5'-diphospho-d-glucose, which promote the biosynthesis of anthocyanidins, phenolic acids, and lignins. These findings provide comprehensive insights into the metabolic mechanisms of melatonin-regulated phenolic compounds in pear peels.

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