Comparative study on microbiological, physicochemical and nutritional properties of whole cow milk by thermal and non-thermal processing technologies

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Chen, Jiaci

作者： Chen, Jiaci;Zhang, Juan;Wang, Nan;Sun, Xiaoyun;Liu, Chuan;Pang, Xiangyi;Huang, Fengchun;Chen, Ailiang;Han, Xiaoxu;Yin, Ruijie;Pei, Xiaoyan

作者机构：

关键词： Milk; Non -thermal treatment; Protein denaturation; Microbial inactivation

期刊名称：FOOD BIOSCIENCE （ 影响因子：5.2； 五年影响因子：5.4 ）

ISSN： 2212-4292

年卷期： 2024 年 59 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The majority of the bioactive components in milk exhibit sensitivity to heat treatments. This research is the first systematically compare the effects of thermal (low-temperature long time pasteurization, LTLT; high-temperature short time pasteurization, HTST; ultra-high temperature, UHT; microwave-assisted heating; retort sterilization) and non-thermal (ultraviolet-C, UV-C; high hydrostatic pressure processing, HPP; filtered sterilization; high-intensity ultrasound, HIUS) treatments on the physicochemical properties and immune-active serum proteins of whole milk aliquots under the equivalent microbicidal efficacy. LTLT and HTST had little impact on whole milk. HPP at 400 MPa for 5 min was an optimal alternative to pasteurized milk in terms of equivalent microbicidal efficacy, higher nutrient retention (similar to 6% and 16.2% loss for IgG and lactoferrin) and fewer oxidation products (0.69 nmol/mg protein carbonyls). The serum protein denaturation of 600 MPa HPP-treated milk (79.4% and 31.36% loss for IgG and lactoferrin) was significantly higher than in pasteurized milk, but still lower than in UHT milk (97.16% and 70.85% loss for IgG and lactoferrin). Since photo-oxidation induced by high-dose irradiation was detrimental to the organoleptic properties, relying on UV-C as stand-alone replacement to pasteurization is not advisable. Combined with existing pasteurization methods, UV-C can achieve superior microbial inactivation at mild sterilization temperatures. HIUS, a promising novel tool, should be further optimized regarding the relevant standards to enable it to be used in industrial-scale processing and reproducibility. Compared with traditional thermal treatments, non-thermal strategies offer a significant reduction in the microbial load of raw milk while better preserving bioactive proteins, However, optimizing processing parameters remains essential to strike a balance between microbial inactivation and retention of active substances.

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